| 摘要: |
| 在实验室条件下, 研究了氨氮(NH3-N)对文蛤(Meretrix meretrix)的急性毒性作用以及对其能量收支的影响。实验结果表明: 在水温(24.5±0.5)℃, 盐度21.5, pH8.00 的条件下, 文蛤(壳长3.85～4.35cm)死亡率随着氨氮质量浓度、胁迫时间的增加而增加(P<0.05)。96 h 文蛤死亡率与添加氨氮(NH3-Nt) 质量浓度对数的回归方程为Y=2.3787x+0.3246 (R2=0.978 9), 文蛤对总氨氮(NH3-Nt)或分子氨(NH3-Nm)的安全浓度(SC96h)为9.237 mg/L 或0.418 mg/L; 随着环境中添加氨氮(NH3-Nt)质量浓度的不断上升(0, 0.5,1, 2, 4, 9, 18, 36 mg/L), 文蛤摄食能不断下降, 呼吸能和排泄能则呈现出先升高后降低的趋势; 当总氨氮(NH3-Nt)在0～2 mg/L (或NH3-Nm≤0.090 mg/L)时, 文蛤的生长余力没有显著变化(P﹥ 0.05); 当总氨氮(NH3-Nt)≥4 mg/L(或NH3-Nm≥0.181mg/L)时, 文蛤的生长余力显著降低(P<0.05)。因此, 文蛤养殖环境中的NH3-Nt 或NH3-Nm 应控制在2mg/L 或0.090 mg/L 以下水平。
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| 关键词: 文蛤(Meretrix meretrix) 氨氮胁迫 安全质量浓度 能量收支 生长余力 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:江苏近海海洋综合调查与评价项目(JS908) |
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| Ammonia effects the survival and the energy budget of clam Meretrix meretrix |
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CHEN Jin-feng,HUANG He-zhong,XU Han-fu,HE Hua-min,FAN Wan-su,DING Fei-fei
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| Abstract: |
| How ammonia affects the survival and the energy budget of clam Meretrix meretrix was studied. Under the conditions of (24.5 ± 0.5 )℃, 21.5 ‰ and pH 8.00, the mortality of M. meretrix with the shell length of 3.85～4.35cm significantly increased with increasing ammonia concentrations and stress durations (P<0.05).The relationship between 96 h mortality of M. meretrix and the concentration logarithm of ammonia could be expressed by Y=2.378 7x+0.324 6 (R2=0.978 9), where x is the concentration logarithm of ammonia, Y is 96 h the mortality of M.meretrix.The safe concentration of ammonia at the 96 h treatment was 9.237 mg/L,NH3-Nt (0.418 mg/L,NH3-Nm). When M. meretrix was exposed to ammonia ranging from 0 to 36 mg/L, the ingested energy decreased; and the respiration energy reached peak value at 9 mg/L and began to decrease at 18 mg/L; and excretion energy reached a maximal value at 4 mg/L then began to decrease at 9 mg/L .There was no significant effect on the growth of M. meretrix in the presence of ammonia below 2 mg/L, NH3-Nt (0.090 mg/L, NH3-Nm); but significant effect was observed when M. meretrix was exposed to ammonia of 4 mg/L,NH3-Nt (0.181 mg/L,NH3-Nm)(P<0.05). Therefore, the level of ammonia in the environment of the clam M. meretrix aquaculture should be controlled below 2 mg/L , NH3-Nt or 0.090 mg/L, NH3-Nm.
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| Key words: Meretrix meretrix ammonia stress safe concentration(SC) energy budget scope for growth(SFG) |
