| 摘要: |
| Bathymodiolus属贻贝是广泛分布于全球深海冷泉和热液生态系统的优势种, 在深海化能生态系统的物质循环和能量流动中起着重要作用。本文以我国南海北部冷泉的主要优势种平端深海偏顶蛤(Bathymodiolus platifrons)为研究对象, 采用常规生化测定方法, 研究了其主要生化成分和氨基酸组成的特征, 并就特定组织中主要生化成分的含量与生活在热液区的平端深海偏顶蛤和近岸的远东偏顶蛤(Modiolus kurilensis)进行了对比。结果表明, 南海冷泉平端深海偏顶蛤软体部含水量84.28%, 粗蛋白含量7.18%, 粗脂肪含量1.23%, 糖类含量2.75%, 与已报道的深海贝类组成相近。虽然主要生化成分含量在3种贻贝的鳃、外套膜、闭壳肌和消化腺4 个组织中总体差异不大, 但是冷泉平端深海偏顶蛤和热液平端深海偏顶蛤的外套膜糖类含量(25.20%、30.66%)显著高于远东偏顶蛤(6.97%, P<0.05), 这表明平端深海偏顶蛤的主要储存物质为外套膜中的糖类。在氨基酸组成上, 冷泉平端深海偏顶蛤鳃中氨基酸总量为44.55%(干质量), 外套膜中为34.83%(干质量), 其中必需氨基酸分别占比41.73%和40.52%, 总体与其他贝类相似。然而, 在平端深海偏顶蛤中, 与渗透压调节相关的甘氨酸和与硫代谢相关的牛磺酸含量较高, 这与其适应深海高盐度高硫化氢浓度的环境相关。综上所述, 南海冷泉平端深海偏顶蛤在常规生化组分和氨基酸组成上与近岸常见双壳类具有一定差异, 这些差异与其特殊生境的关系还需要更加深入的研究。 |
| 关键词: 平端深海偏顶蛤, 生化成分, 冷泉, 南 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20170310001 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA11030202); 中国科学院国际创新团队项目(20140491526); 科技基础资源调查专项(2017FY100803) |
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| Biochemical components of cold seep mussel Bathymodiolus platifrons from South China Sea and comparison with hydrothermal vent and offshore mussels |
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GUO Xin-yu,LI Chao-lun
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| Abstract: |
| Bathymodiolin mussels are a key species in cold seep and hydrothermal vent ecosystems where they are widely distributed and play an important role in the material cycle and energy flow of deep-sea chemotrophic ecosystems. In this paper, conventional biochemical determination methods are used to determine the fundamental biochemical components of Bathymodiolus platifrons in a South China Sea cold seep. Differences between mussels found at cold seeps, hydrothermal vents, and the offshore mussel Modiolus kurilensis are also discussed. Proportions of water, crude protein, lipids, and glycogen in B. platifrons are 84.28, 7.18, 1.23, and 2.75%, respectively, which are similar to those reported in deep-sea mussels. The glycogen content in the mantle of cold seep B. platifrons (25.20%) is significantly higher than that of M. kurilensis (6.97%) (P<0.05), but is close to that of hydrothermal vent B. platifrons (30.66%), indicating that glycogen stored in the mantle is the energy reserve of B. platifrons. The total amino acid content in the gill and mantle of seep B. platifrons is 44.55 and 34.83% of dry weight, in which the essential amino acid content accounts for 41.73 and 40.52%, respectively. However, the contents of glycine and taurine are higher than in offshore bivalves. These compounds are related to osmoregulation and sulfur metabolism and may thus indicate environmental adaption. Results show certain differences between the biochemical component content of the SCS cold seep B. platifrons and offshore mussels; however, the relationship with special habitats needs further research. |
| Key words: Bathymodiolus platifrons biochemical composition cold seep the South China Sea |
