| 摘要: |
| 对北海鱼类营养级和生物量进行了综合分析,北海鱼类群落中, 浮游生物食性、底栖生物食性和游泳生物食性鱼类的平均营养级分别为3.5,3.9和4.5,依次递增,而它们的生物量之比为1∶0.8∶0.4,依次递 减,由此发现了一种与生物量锥体相似而又不同的现象,即捕食者与捕食者之间横向的营养级与生物量的负相关关系,作者称之为类生物量锥体。北海的生物量锥体 其底部与顶部营养级之比为1∶4,生物量之比为1333∶1;类生物量锥体其底部与顶部营养级之比为3.5∶4.5,生物量之比只有2.36∶1,由此看 出类生物量锥体相似于生物量锥体,但又不同于Odum提出的被食者与捕食者之间的纵向关系的生物量锥体,其生物量的变化幅度较生物量锥体为小。类生物量锥 体的意义在于可以从鱼类生态类群营养级的高低来推测其生物量的状况。 |
| 关键词: 北海 类生物量锥体 营养级 鱼类生物量 |
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| Quasi-pyramid of biomass |
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| Abstract: |
| The comprehensive analysis based on the data of trophic levels and biomasses of fish in the North Sea showed that, the mean trophic levels from planktophagic(3.5) to benthophagic(3.9) and nektophagic(4.5) increase progressively, and their ratios of biomasses—1∶0.8∶0.4 decrease progressively, which demonstrate an obvious pyramid of fish community in the North Sea named quasi-pyramid of biomass, being similar to and different from the pyramid of biomass advanced by Odum. The ratio of trophic levels between base and top of biomass pyramid is 1∶4, and that of their biomasses is 1 333∶1. The ratio of trophic levels between the base and the top of quasi-pyramid of biomass is 3.5∶4.5, and that of their biomasses is 2.36∶1, showing different from the former. The pyramid of biomass revealed the vertical relation between prey and predator, but the quasi-pyramid of biomass brings to light the horizontal relation between predator and predator. The biological significance for quasi-pyramid of biomass is to infer the biomasses of each ecological group in fish community from their trophic levels. |
| Key words: the North Sea quasi-pyramid of biomass trophic levels fish biomass |
