| 摘要: |
| 采用混合试验中的Cornell均匀设计法研究了初始重为(2.0±0.0)g的南方鲇(Silurus meri dionalis)幼鱼日粮中常量营养素(蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物)的适宜需求量。日粮中蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物梯度变化范围分别为33%—51%、3%—18%和24%—33%, 试验周期为40d。试验结果表明, 试验日粮中3种常量营养素含量对南方鲇幼鱼成活率没有显著影响(P>0.05)。当日粮蛋白质水平≤45%时, 其特定生长率随着日粮蛋白质水平上升而增加。当日粮脂肪水平≤9%时, 其特定生长率随着日粮脂肪水平上升而增加; 但当日粮中脂肪含量≥12%时, 鱼体和肝脏脂肪含量显著上升, 肝细胞脂肪变性明显。33%碳水化合物日粮组鱼特定生长率较24%、27%和30%组鱼显著降低, 同时鱼体和肝脏糖原含量显著增加(P<0.05)。试验表明, 南方鲇幼鱼日粮蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物3种常量营养素的适宜需求量分别为45%、9%和≤30%。日粮总能约为19.0kJ/g。 |
| 关键词: 南方鲇 Cornell方法, 常量营养素 蛋白质 脂肪 碳水化合物 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz201304018018 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:广西科技厅攻关项目资助, 122201-3号。 |
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| OPTIMAL MACRONUTRIENTS (PROTEIN, LIPID AND CARBOHYDRATE) OF FORMULATED DIETS FOR SOUTHERN CATFISH (SILURUS MERIDIONALIS) JUVENILES |
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FENG Jian, PENG Qi, WU Bin, CHEN Bin, LIANG Pin-Heng
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Marine Research Center, Guangxi University, Nanning
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| Abstract: |
| To investigate the optimal composition of macronutrients (protein, lipid and carbohydrate) for Southern catfish (Silurus meridionalis) juveniles [(2.0±0.0)g initial weight], Cornell Design in experiments with mixture was used. Protein, lipid, and carbohydrate varied between 33%—51%, 3%—18% and 24%—33% respectively and the test lasted for 40 days. The experimental results show that the dietary macronutrient composition was not reflected in the survival rate of the fish significantly (P<0.05). There was a positive effect on the growth when increasing dietary protein levels up until 45% or lipid levels up until 9%. The lipid contents in fish body and liver increased significantly (P>0.05), and fat in hepatocytes was degenerated obviously as dietary lipid level was ≥12%. The specific growth rates of 33% dietary carbohydrate group was significantly reduced while glycogen in the body and liver boosted compared to those of lower percentage dietary groups (P<0.05). It could be concluded that the optimal protein requirement was 45%, based on the limits of 9% for lipids and ≤30% for carbohydrate in the diets, while the dietary general energy is about 19.0kJ/g for Southern catfish juveniles. |
| Key words: Southern catfish Silurus meridionalis Cornell Design macronutrient protein lipid |
