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| 不同贝壳颜色海湾扇贝(Argopecten irradians)家系的建立及生长发育研究 |
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郑怀平, 张国范, 刘 晓, 阙华勇
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中国科学院海洋研究所
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| 摘要: |
| 海湾扇贝是雌雄同体的贝类, 其壳色有橙、棕、黄、紫、白等色彩。利用壳色可遗传的特性, 采用自体受精的交配策略, 于2002年成功地建立了4个橙色、3个紫色、4个白色等3类共11个海湾扇贝自交系, 并对不同家系的受精卵大小、胚胎孵化率及幼虫、稚贝和养成阶段的生长速率与存活率等生物学参数进行了比较。结果表明, 在幼虫和稚贝等早期发育阶段, 3类壳色的不同家系在生长速率和存活率等方面没有表现出差异, 但是在养成阶段, 在高温的7、8月, 白壳色家系的生长速率和存活率均明显高于其它2种壳色的家系。
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| 关键词: 海湾扇贝,贝壳颜色,自交家系,生长,存活 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz200306007007 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国科学院知识创新工程资助项目,ZKCX2-11号;山东省科技厅资助项目,022110107号;青岛市科技局资助项目,03-1-HH-10号 |
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| ESTABLISHMENT OF DIFFERENT SHELL COLOR LINES OF BAY SCALLOP ARGOPECTEN IRRADIANS IRRADIANS LAMARCK(1819) AND THEIR DEVELOPMENT |
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ZHENG Huai-Ping, ZHANG Guo-Fan, LIU Xiao, QUE Hua-Yong
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Institute of Oceanology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| Bay scallop Argopecten irradians irradians Lamarck, is a functional hermaphrodite, which one or both valves can be orange, brown, yellow, purple or white. Shell colors of bay scallop are genetic. In the spring of 2002, 11 different shell colors lines including 4 orange ,3 purple and 4 white were successfully established by using the mate strategy of self-fertilization. Phenotypic traits of different shell colors progenies, such as fertilized eggs sizes, embryonic hatching rates, larval, spat, and juvenile growth and survival were compared. At early life history stage, there are no significant differences among three shell colors lines, but significant differences among three colors lines presented after shell colors of spat got brilliant. Size of egg diameter spawned from orange, purple, and white spawners, was no significantly different (P > 0.05), which was 63.4, 63.7, and 62.8μm, respectively. Hatching rate of fertilized eggs derived from orange,purple,and white individuals was separately 77.8%, 64.6%, and 50.9%, which no significant differences were observed among them. For different colors lines, at larvae stage, they had similar fate at the same age, and their survival percentages all decreased with larvae developing. Survival percentages of orange, purple, and white lines separately ranged from 74.41%, 79.70%, and 82.08% at Day 4 to 49.14%, 67.34%, and 52.79% at Day 7, and to 25.06%, 22.50%, and 26.47% at Day 10. However, at growout stage, three colorful lines had different fate. During the month of July, 34.94% of orange
was significantly lower than 69.57% of purple and 73.97% of white, and during the month of August, both 27.17% of orange and 39.47% of purple were lower 70.08% of white. For growth, there was no significantly difference on growth of larvae derived from orange, purple, and white scallops ,which daily grew 5.59, 6.99, and 5.65μm, respectively. During spat nursery, there was no significantly difference among orange, purple, and white lines before Day 40, but shell length of white was significantly larger than that of orange and purple at Day 50. During growout, white lines were always larger than orange from 110 to 170 days and purple from 140 to 170 days. In addition, although there were no significant differences between shell length of purple and orange lines from 80 to 110 days, the former were also larger than the later from 140 to 170 days.
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| Key words: Argopecten irradians irradians Lamarck, Shell colors, Self-fertilized lines, Growth, Survival |
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