| 引用本文: | 施欧文,李荣华,母昌考,宋微微,刘长军,王春琳.不同环境因素对三疣梭子蟹“科甬1号”(Portunus trituberculatus)仔蟹蜕壳的影响.海洋与湖沼,2015,46(4):870-878. |
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| 不同环境因素对三疣梭子蟹“科甬1号”(Portunus trituberculatus)仔蟹蜕壳的影响 |
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施欧文1,2, 李荣华1,2, 母昌考1,2, 宋微微1,2, 刘长军3, 王春琳1,2
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1.宁波大学海洋学院 宁波 315211;2.浙江海洋高效健康养殖协同创新中心 宁波 315211;3.象山县水产养殖技术推广站 象山 315700
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| 摘要: |
| 为探究三疣梭子蟹"科甬1号"仔蟹最佳蜕壳环境条件, 先采用单因素变量实验设计方法, 选取温度、盐度、光照时长、pH和底质五种环境因素, 分析其对"科甬1号"仔蟹蜕壳的影响。温度组设置17、20、23和26℃, 盐度组设置10、15、25和35, 光照时长设置0、12和24h光照组, pH组设置6.0、7.5、8.0、8.5和10.0, 底质设置有沙和无沙组。实验结果表明, 温度组20℃时仔蟹存活率和蜕壳率最高, 但蜕壳所需时间最长, 26℃时蜕壳起始最早, 所需时间最短, 但存活率较低;盐度组中, 15和25仔蟹存活率和蜕壳率最高;pH组中, 7.5、8.0和8.5仔蟹存活率和蜕壳率最高;有沙组仔蟹存活率显著高于无沙组;而光照时长实验组结果差异不显著(P>0.05)。综上所述, 得到单因素条件下"科甬1号"仔蟹最佳环境条件: 温度20-23℃、盐度15-25、正常日周期光照、pH 7.5-8.5, 有沙环境中。利用正交设计实验方法, 研究温度、盐度、底质3个因素对"科甬1号"仔蟹蜕壳的影响, 并构建多元线性回归模型。结果得到"科甬1号"仔蟹最佳环境条件: 温度26℃、盐度25, 需要有沙环境, 并且拟合得到其日存活率线性回归模型以及日蜕壳率线性回归模型。 |
| 关键词: “科甬1号” 三疣梭子蟹仔蟹 最适环境条件 蜕壳 多元线性回归模型 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20150200055 |
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| 基金项目:国家农业科技成果转化资金项目,2014GB2C220151号;国家星火计划项目,2014GA701036号;浙江省公益性技术应用研究项目,2013C31032号;宁波市农村科技创新创业资金项目,2014C92011号资助。 |
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| OPTIMAL CONDITIONS FOR PORTUNUS TRITUBERCULATUS “KEYONG 1” MOLTING |
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SHI Ou-Wen1,2, LI Rong-Hua1,2, MU Chang-Kao1,2, SONG Wei-Wei1,2, LIU Chang-Jun3, WANG Chun-Lin1,2
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1.School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;2.Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo 315211, China;3.Xiangshan Aquaculture Technology Extension Service, Xiangshan 315700, China
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| Abstract: |
| To explore the best environmental requirements for juvenile of Portunus trituberculatus "Keyong 1" molting, a single-and multi-factor experiments were designed.In the single-factor design, five factors: temperature, salinity, lighting, pH, and sediment bedding were tested.Temperature ranged 17 to 26℃ in increment of 3℃;salinity 10, 15, 25, and 35;lighting hours 0, 12, and 24;pH 6.0, 7.5, 8.0, 8.5, 10.0;and with and without sandy bottom.The results showed that in the temperature group, the highest survival and molting rates were at 20℃, but the time for molting was longer;the earliest and least time molting group was 26℃, but the survival rate was lower.In the salinity group, the survival and molting rate of 15 and 25 were higher than other groups.In the pH group, 7.5, 8.0 and 8.5 were better than at pH 6.0 group.Sandy bottom was significantly better.The length of lighting had no significant difference (P>0.05).Therefore, in overall, the optimal conditions for the single-factor experiment were 20-23℃, salinity 15-25, normal lighting hours, pH 7.5-8.5, and sandy bottom.In multi-factor orthogonal experiment, with three factors were considered: temperature, salinity, and sediment, from which the optimal conditions turned to be 26℃, salinity 25, and with full sandy bottom.In addition, the multiple linear regression models for daily survival rate and daily molting rate were established. |
| Key words: "Keyong 1" juvenile Portunus trituberculatus optimal farming conditions molting multiple linear regression |
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