| 摘要: |
| 鉴于舟山沿海日本囊对虾秋苗养殖成活率显著低于春季和夏季人工养殖苗种之实际,深入开展适合于本地沿海养殖的日本囊对虾秋苗的优质亲体的选种研究显得十分必要。为此,作者采用聚类分析、主成分分析和判别分析等方法定量研究了舟山近海日本囊对虾野生群体和露天池塘越冬养成群体间的形质特征差异。结果表明:两者在本研究所涉18项形质评价指标中的相似性指数仅为11.11%,欧氏距离为4.243(P<0.01);经主成分分析,提取到的5个特征值均大于1的主成分,累计贡献率达85.27%,其中第1主成分为以营养生理状况指数、额剑上缘锯齿数以及腹部肌肉发达程度为主导的体质强壮因子,第2主成分为以寻食视野与胸腔空间大小为主导的捕食运动功能因子,后3个主成分为以尾节肌肉发达程度为主导的避敌运动功能因子;采用逐步判别法,以判别贡献率较大的9项形质评价指标为自变量,所建Fisher分类函数方程组可清晰区分日本囊对虾野生群体和越冬养成群体,其中野生群体的判别准确率P1、P2分别为99.33%和96.13%,越冬养成群体的判别准确率P1、P2分别为96%和99.31%,两者综合判别准确率为97.67%。因此,日本囊对虾秋苗野生亲本形质特征的选择,应以秋苗越冬养成群体为参照。 |
| 关键词: 日本囊对虾 野生群体 越冬养成群体 形质特征 多元统计分析 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20150400106 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:舟山市海洋类科研攻关项目,2013C41013号;宁波市海洋渔业局科技项目"2015年宁波市本级增殖放流技术指导和效果评价";宁波市科技富民计划项目"日本囊对虾生态高效养殖关键技术集成与示范(2016-2018)"。 |
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| DIFFERENCES IN QUANTITATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF MARSUPENAEUS JAPONICUS BETWEEN WILD AND CULTIVATED POPULATIONS OFFSHORE ZHOUSHAN, EAST CHINA |
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LI Hong-Peng,FU Yu,REN Su-Yi,WANG Zhi-Zheng and LIN Zu-Hao
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Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhejiang Ocean University
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| Abstract: |
| According to the fact that culture survival of autumn shrimp larvae of Marsupenaeus japonicus is significantly lower than the spring shrimp larvae and summer shrimp larvae, selecting autumn broodstock suitable for local offshore outdoor culture has become a great demand. We sampled 150 individuals each from wild and outdoor cultured-overwintered populations offshore Zhoushan, East China, from which 18 indices in quantitative morphology were studied statistically, to determine the differences between the two populations. Cluster, principal component, and discriminant analyses were conducted. The results show that the similarity index was only 11.11%, and the euclidean distance was 4.243 (P<0.01). The accumulative variance percentage of five principal components whose eigenvalues are larger than 1 reached 85.27%. The first principal components (PC 1) consisting of nutriture index, rostrum sawteeth numbers at superior margin, and abdominal muscularity level could be regarded as the tonicity factor. The PC 2 was predator-prey and movement related factors for searching food and chest size. The next three PCs were the factor for avoiding harm reflecting telson muscle level. In discriminant analysis, nine major contributors were used as independent variables for building Fisher discriminant functions, from which the two populations could be clearly separated, and the rates of discriminant accuracy for wild population was 99.33% (P1) and 96.13% (P2), and 96% (P1) and 99.31% (P2) for overwintered-cultivated population, respectively; and the comprehensive rate combined for both populations was 97.67%. Therefore, the selection of quantitative morphology indices for wild autumn broodstock should refer to those of an overwintered-cultivated population. |
| Key words: Marsupenaeus japonicus wild population overwintered-cultivated population quantitative morphology multivariate statistical analysis |
