| 引用本文: | 沈春燕,叶宁,申玉春,曹伏君,徐明.广东流沙湾游泳动物种群结构和生物多样性.海洋与湖沼,2016,47(1):227-233. |
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| 广东流沙湾游泳动物种群结构和生物多样性 |
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沈春艳,叶宁,申玉春,曹伏君,徐明
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广东海洋大学水产学院 湛江 524025; 南海水产经济动物增养殖广东普通高校重点实验室 湛江 524025,广东海洋大学水产学院 湛江 524025; 南海水产经济动物增养殖广东普通高校重点实验室 湛江 524025,广东海洋大学水产学院 湛江 524025; 南海水产经济动物增养殖广东普通高校重点实验室 湛江 524025,广东海洋大学水产学院 湛江 524025; 南海水产经济动物增养殖广东普通高校重点实验室 湛江 524025,广东海洋大学水产学院 湛江 524025; 南海水产经济动物增养殖广东普通高校重点实验室 湛江 524025
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| 摘要: |
| 在流沙湾湾口设置双桩张纲张网对海湾游泳动物进行16次采样调查,结果表明:流沙湾有游泳动物161种,隶属3纲13目55科,其中:鱼类9目43科100种,虾类2目5科32种,蟹类1目4科20种,头足类2目3科9种,鱼类种类8月初最多,1月初最少;虾类种类10月底最多,1月底最少;蟹类种类8月初最多。16次采样共捕获虾类604121尾,1024kg;鱼类201339尾,1344.7kg;蟹类15115尾,49.5kg;头足类947尾,9.9kg。游泳动物生物量最高值出现在4月底、5月初和8月底,最低值出现在1月底和12月底。游泳动物优势种依次为刀额新对虾、沙栖新对虾、多鳞鱚、近缘新对虾、短棘银鲈、孔鰕虎鱼、中型新对虾、短吻鲾、刀额仿对虾、黑鳃梅童鱼、角突仿对虾、东方箬鳎、黄斑蓝子鱼和银光梭子蟹。流沙湾游泳动物丰富度指数变化较大,多样性指数、优势度值、均匀度值变化不大。流沙湾游泳动物的种群变动和水温关系密切,在水温29-32℃时的种群生物量最大。 |
| 关键词: 流沙湾 游泳动物 种类组成 优势种 生物多样性 水温 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20150300086 |
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| 基金项目:广东省科技计划项目,2011B031100012号,2012A020602050号,2011B020314008号;广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项,A201201I02号。 |
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| POPULATION STRUCTURE AND BIODIVERSITY OF NEKTON IN LIUSHA BAY OF GUANGDONG, CHINA |
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shenchunyan,YE Ning,SHEN Yu-Chun,CAO Fu-Jun and XU Ming
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Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal, Zhanjiang 524025, China,Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal, Zhanjiang 524025, China,Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal, Zhanjiang 524025, China,Huzhou universityFisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal, Zhanjiang 524025, China,Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal, Zhanjiang 524025, China
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| Abstract: |
| Nektonic organisms of Liusha Bay were captured and investigated for 16 times by stow net with double-stake warp. Results showed that all captured 161 species were belonging to 3 classes, 13 orders and 55 families. Among these, there were 9 orders, 43 families and 100 species of fish, 2 orders, 5 families and 32 species of shrimp, one order, 4 families and 20 species of crabs, 2 order, 3 families and 9 species of cephalopods. The most species of fish were captured in August, and the least in January. The most species of shrimp were captured in October, and the least in January. And there were the most species of crabs in the early August. In all 16 sampling, there were captured shrimp 60412 individuals with total weight of 1024kg, captured fish 201339 individuals with total weight of 1344.7kg, captured crab 15115 individuals of total weight of 49.5kg, captured cephalopods 947 individuals with total weight 9.9 kg. The biomass of nektonic organisms reached peaks in the late April, the early May and late August. The lowest biomass of nekton emerged in late January and late December. Nektonic organisms lined in the prevalence order were as follows: Metapenaeus ensia, Metapenaeus moyebi, Sillago sihama, Metapenaeus affinis, Gerres lucidus, Trypauchen vagina, Metapenaeus intermedius, Dendrophysa russelli, Leiognathus brevirostris, Parapenaeopsis cultrirostris, Collichthys niveatus, Parapenaeopsis cornuta, Brachirus orientalis, Siganus oramin, Portunus argentatus. Richness values of nekton species showed great variations, but values of diversities, evenness and dominance varied little. Nekton population variation of Liusha Bay had close correlations with the water temperature. And when the temperature was 29-32℃, the biomass of nekton population reached the highest. |
| Key words: Liusha Bay nekton species composition dominant species biodiversity water temperature |
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