引用本文:	霍忠明,闫喜武,张跃环,杨凤,张国范.菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)大连群体家系建立及生长比较.海洋与湖沼,2010,41(3):334-340.

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*菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)大连群体家系建立及生长比较*
霍忠明¹, 闫喜武¹, 张跃环¹, 杨凤¹, 张国范²
1.大连海洋大学生命科学与技术学院;2.中国科学院海洋研究所

摘要:

于2008 年6 月, 以大连野生型蛤仔为材料, 采用巢式设计即1 个雄性亲本与3 个雌性亲本交配的方式建立了菲律宾蛤仔15 个半同胞家系(A, B, ?, O)和45 个全同胞家系(A₁, A₂, A₃, ?, O₁, O₂,O₃)。对各家系的壳长、壳宽、壳高、鲜重等各项指标进行了方差分析和多重比较。结果表明, 3、4、5月龄, 菲律宾蛤仔45 个全同胞家系的表型性状具有显著差异, 且各月龄的差异趋势基本一致。5 月龄时, 从其生长性状上看, 家系F2、G2、G3表现出明显的生长优势, 壳长分别提高28.43%、24.72%、30.53%,壳宽分别提高21.14%、22.3%、25.58%, 壳高分别提高30.88%、26.96%、25.25%, 鲜重分别提高50.00%、68.42%、44.12%。从其存活上看, 家系E3的四个表型性状在全同胞家系中最小, 但存活数量最多为2269粒, 表现出很强的抗逆性; 具有生长优势的家系F2 存活个数最少仅为43 粒, 抗逆性相对最差。从其产量上看, 家系N₃、I₁、E₃、C₁、N₁、G₂ 产量较高, 分别比平均产量提高了77.8%、75.61%、75%、69.45%、53.96%、50.19%。综合以上各项指标家系G₂、G₃、N₃、E₃、I₁、C₁、N₁ 可作为优良的家系育种材料, 在下一步育种工作中可以利用家系选择及家系杂交的方法对7 个家系进行遗传改良。

关键词: 菲律宾蛤仔, 野生群体, 家系, 生长

DOI：10.11693/hyhz201003006006

分类号:

基金项目:国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目, 2006AA10A410 号；国家“十一五”课题, 2006BAD09A09 号; 辽宁省重大科研项目,990387 号; 辽宁省教育厅创新团队项目, 2007T104 号；辽宁省科技特派团项目, 2008203005 号

附件

FAMILY SYSTEM AND GROWTH OF DALIAN POPULATION OF MANILA CLAM RUDITAPES PHILIPPINARUM

HUO Zhong-Ming¹, YAN Xi-Wu¹, ZHANG Yue-Huan¹, YANG Feng¹, ZHANG Guo-Fan²

1.Institute of Life Science and Technology, Dalian Ocean University;2.Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Abstract:

Fifteen half-sib families and 45 full-sib families were established by using the nest design of ♂: ♀ = 1 : 3, in June 2008. Phenotypic growth traits, such as shell length, shell width, shell height, and fresh weight, were compared among different families by using the ANOVA. The results show that the shell length was significantly different among 45 full-sib families at the age of 3, 4, 5 months; however, the growth tendency of those 3-month-old ones were nearly the same. The growth traits of the 5-month ones showed strong enhancement in F₂, G₂, G₃ having the shell length increased by 28.43%, 24.72%, and 30.53%, the shell width by 21.14%, 22.3%, and 25.58%; the shell height by 30.88%, 26.96%, and 25.25%; the fresh weight by 50.00%, 68.42%, and 44.12%, respectively. E3 is best in anti-adversity having the smallest phenotypic growth traits and the largest survival rate among all the 45 full-sib families; while F₂ was the poorest in anti-adversity. The yields of family systems N₃, I₁, E₃, C₁, N₁, and G₂ were improved with 77.8%, 75.61%, 75%, 69.45%, 53.96%, 50.19%, respectively. The results suggest that G₂, G₃, N₃, E₃, I₁, C₁, and N₁ are good candidates of breed.

Key words: Ruditapes philippinarum, Wide population, Family, Growth