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| 珠江口3种鲸豚的MHC-I基因多态性研究 |
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余新建1,2,3,4, 张西阳1,2,3,4, 林文治1,2,3,4, 周蕊莲1,2,3,4, 吴玉萍1,2,3,4
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1.南海生物资源开发与利用协同创新中心;2.广东省海洋资源与近岸工程重点实验室;3.珠海市海洋生物资源与环境重点实验室;4.中山大学 海洋科学学院
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| 摘要: |
| 旨在了解珠江口栖息的中华白海豚(Sousa chinensis)、宽脊江豚(Neophocaena phocaenoides)和点斑原海豚(Stenella attenuate)免疫相关基因MHC-I(Major Histocompatibility Complex)的多态性及其表达情况, 以期为这3 种鲸豚的保育工作提供基础资料。通过克隆测序的方法, 首次证实MHC-I基因在这3种鲸豚体内表达。选择压力分析, 表明MHC-I基因在这3种鲸豚中均受到强烈的正选择作用, 提示其具有重要的免疫功能。3种鲸豚的MHC-I基因在系统发育树上相互混杂在一起, 表明MHC-I基因存在跨物种多态性。结合选择压力分析和跨物种多态性, 发现MHC-I基因受到平衡选择作用。珠江口3种鲸豚MHC-I基因多态性可能由平衡选择维持。 |
| 关键词: 鲸豚 MHC(Major Histocompatibility Complex) 表达 平衡选择 |
| DOI：10.11759//hykx20160424001 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41276147, 41576128); 农业部中华白海豚保护行动计划(2015); 香港海洋公园保育基金(2013) |
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| Study of MHC-I polymorphism in three cetaceans from the Pearl River Estuary, China |
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YU Xin-jian,ZHANG Xi-yang,LIN Wen-zhi,ZHOU Rui-lian,WU Yu-ping
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| Abstract: |
| To gain the basic knowledge about cetacean conservation, we assessed the polymorphism and expression of the immunologic gene MHC-I(Major Histocompatibility Complex class I) in three cetaceans (Sousa chinensis, Neophocaena phocaenoides, and Stenella attenuata) around the Pearl River Estuary. We first confirmed the expression of MHC-I genes in the three cetaceans by cloning and sequencing. After selection pressure analysis, we found that relatively strong positive selections have acted on MHC-I genes in these three cetaceans, suggesting their important immunologic function. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the MHC-I genes of the three cetaceans did not cluster to three branches according to species but were mixed up, which implies the existence of trans-species polymorphism (TSP). Together with the results of selection pressure analysis and TSP, we suggest that intense balancing selection has acted on MHC-I genes in these three cetaceans, which further maintained the polymorphism of MHC-I genes. |
| Key words: cetaceans MHC(Major Histocompatibility Complex) expression balancing selection |