引用本文:	吕孝清,高学鲁,赵建民,刘永亮,王斌,杨波,谢磊,张乃星.养马岛附近海域藻华期间有色溶解有机质的生物可利用性研究[J].海洋科学,2023,47(6):30-41.

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养马岛附近海域藻华期间有色溶解有机质的生物可利用性研究
吕孝清^1,2, 高学鲁^1,2, 赵建民¹, 刘永亮^1,2, 王斌^1,2, 杨波³, 谢磊^1,2, 张乃星⁴
1.中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所, 山东烟台 264003;2.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;3.广东海洋大学深圳研究院, 广东深圳 518114;4.国家海洋局北海预报中心, 山东青岛 266061

摘要:

本研究利用吸收光谱和荧光激发-发射矩阵光谱-平行因子分析(EEMs-PARAFAC),研究了养马岛附近海域海水中有色溶解有机质(CDOM)的浓度、组成、来源和生物可利用性,并估算了浮游植物生长繁殖对CDOM及具有生物可利用性CDOM的贡献。结果表明,表、底层海水中CDOM浓度(以吸收系数a₃₅₀计)平均值分别为1.62±0.42 m^-1和1.30±0.47 m^-1,光谱斜率(S_275-295)平均值分别为0.022±0.003 nm^-1和0.023±0.003 nm^-1。利用PARAFAC模型识别出4种荧光组分,分别为陆源类腐殖酸C1、类色氨酸C2、类酪氨酸C3和微生物源类腐殖酸C4。荧光指数(FIX)、腐殖化指数(HIX)和生物指数(BIX)显示,CDOM受陆源输入和海洋自生源的综合影响。降解实验结果显示,表、底层海水中生物可利用性CDOM百分比(%△a₃₅₀)平均值分别为(23.36%±17.94%)和(8.93%±20.30%)。C1、C2和C4组分的荧光强度在培养之后降低,而C3组分的荧光强度上升。各荧光组分生物可利用性依次递减的顺序为:%△C1(23.75%±8.96%)＞%△C4(20.83%±11.71%)＞%△C2(11.67%±38.87%)＞%△C3(-29.61%±39.90%),显示培养之后CDOM的平均分子量和腐殖化程度降低。表层海水中a₃₅₀、%△a350与Chl a之间存在显著线性相关关系,据此可以估算出浮游植物生长繁殖对CDOM的贡献为36.9%,对具有生物可利用性CDOM的贡献为85.0%。

关键词: 吸收光谱 EEMs-PARAFAC 有色溶解有机质(CDOM) 生物可利用性浮游植物

DOI：10.11759/hykx20230208003

分类号:X145

基金项目:中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA23050303)

Bioavailability of chromophoric dissolved organic matter in the coastal waters adjacent to Yangma Island during an algal bloom

LV Xiao-qing^1,2, GAO Xue-lu^1,2, ZHAO Jian-min¹, LIU Yong-liang^1,2, WANG Bin^1,2, YANG Bo³, XIE Lei^1,2, ZHANG Nai-xing⁴

1.Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China;2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3.Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518114, China;4.North China Sea Marine Forecasting Center of State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China

Abstract:

The concentrations, composition, and sources of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in the coastal waters adjacent to Yangma Island were studied by measuring the absorption spectra and fluorescence excitation-emission matrix-parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC), and the contribution of phytoplankton growth and reproduction on CDOM and its bioavailability were estimated. The results revealed that the average concentrations of CDOM reflected by a₃₅₀ in the surface and bottom seawater were 1.62±0.42 m^-1 and 1.30±0.47 m^-1, and the spectral slopes S_275-295 were 0.022±0.003 nm^-1 and 0.023±0.003 nm^-1, respectively. Four fluorescence components were identified by the PARAFAC model, namely, terrestrial humic-like C1, tryptophan-like C2, tyrosine-like C3, and microbial humic-like C4. The fluorescence, humification, and biological indexes indicated that CDOM was influenced by terrestrial input and marine autochthonous sources. Degradation incubation experiments indicated that the percentages of bioavailability CDOM (%△a₃₅₀) were (23.36%±17.94%) and (8.93%±20.30%) in the surface and bottom seawater, respectively. The fluorescence intensities of C1, C2, and C4 decreased while that of C3 increased. The bioavailability of fluorescent components decreased in the following order: %△C1(23.75%±8.96%)> %△C4(20.83%±11.71%)>%△C2(11.67%±38.87%)>%△C3(-29.61%±39.90%), which indicates that the mean molecular weight and humification degree of CDOM decreased after microbial degradation. a₃₅₀ and %△a₃₅₀ had significant linear correlations with Chl a, based on which phytoplankton growth and reproduction were estimated to contribute 36.9% and 85.0% to CDOM and bioavailable CDOM, respectively.

Key words: absorption spectrum EEMs-PARAFAC chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) bioavailability phytoplankton