引用本文:	宋楚儿,孟振,张正,宋小金,高淳仁.异养蛋白核小球藻净化对虾池塘养殖尾水的实验[J].海洋科学,2023,47(2):63-70.

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异养蛋白核小球藻净化对虾池塘养殖尾水的实验
宋楚儿^1,2, 孟振², 张正², 宋小金³, 高淳仁²
1.浙江海洋大学水产学院, 浙江舟山 316022;2.中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室, 山东青岛 266071;3.中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所, 山东青岛 266101

摘要:

为研究异养培养的蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa)去除对虾池塘养殖尾水氮、磷营养盐的效果, 本实验通过对异养藻种的光自养转换、盐度驯化, 并以不同初始密度接种入养殖尾水, 定期检测水体中氨氮、磷酸盐、硝酸盐氮和亚硝酸盐氮等指标, 分析其对营养盐的吸收利用规律。结果表明: 光照强度6 600 lx、光照周期16 h∶8 h(L/D)、温度25±0.5℃条件下, 接种细胞密度为1.0×10⁵个/mL、5.0×10⁵个/mL、1.0×10⁶个/mL的蛋白核小球藻均在接种初期快速进入指数生长期, 10 d后进入生长平台期, 20 d藻细胞生物量分别增加39.25、7.98和4.07倍; 蛋白核小球藻能明显降低养殖水体中氮、磷营养盐浓度, 起到去氮除磷的净化作用, 磷酸盐的去除率随藻细胞的生长持续上升, 21 d去除率分别为58.8%±0.72%、72.9%±1.7%、81.4%±9.86%; 对氮盐的利用规律依次为氨氮、硝酸氮和亚硝酸氮, 氨氮6 d的去除率达81.9%±6.0%, 96.2%±1.16%, 95.4%±1.24%, 硝酸氮21 d去除率达82%±1.35%、93.3%±4.41%、91.8%±2.77%, 亚硝酸氮21 d去除率分别为84.3%±3.52%、23.5%±2.53%、3.4%±2.16%。相关结果可为异养蛋白核小球藻在海水池塘养殖尾水水质净化的应用提供参考。

关键词: 蛋白核小球藻异养培养养殖尾水水质净化

DOI：10.11759/hykx20220507003

分类号:S949

基金项目:中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心重点部署项目(COMS2019J07);山东省重点研发计划(科技示范工程)课题资助(2021SFGC0701)

Experiment on purification of tail water of shrimp pond culture with heterotrophic cultivated Chlorella pyrenoidosa

SONG Chu-er^1,2, MENG Zhen², ZHANG Zheng², SONG Xiao-jin³, GAO Chun-ren²

1.School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China;2.Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;3.Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Processes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China

Abstract:

To investigate the removal ability of inorganic N and P nutrients in the tail water of Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannameri) pond culture by heterotrophic cultivated Chlorella pyrenoidosa, various initial densities of the microalgae were inoculated into the tail water. The indexes of phosphate, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and nitrite nitrogen in the tail water were detected regularly to analyze the absorption and utilization of nutrients. The results demonstrated that under the conditions of light intensity of 6 600 lx, light–dark cycle of 16︰8, and temperature of 25℃±0.5℃, the growth rate of Chlorella pyrenoidosa with three inoculation densities (1.0×10⁵cell/mL, 5.0×10⁵cell/mL, and 1.0×10⁶cell/mL, respectively) proliferated within first 10 days, thereafter gradually diminishing. On the 20^th day, the biomass of algae cells multiplied by 39.25, 7.98, and 4.07 times, respectively. Chlorella pyrenoidosa has the potential to significantly reduce the concentration of nitrogen and phosphate in the tail water. The phosphate removal rate increased with the growth of algae cells, and the removal rates were 58.8%±0.72%, 72.9%±1.7%, and 81.4%±9.86% on the 21^st day, respectively. The utilization of nitrogen salts was followed by ammonia nitrogen, nitric nitrogen, and nitrite nitrogen. The removal rates were 81.9%±6.0%, 96.2%±1.16%, 95.4%±1.24% for ammonia nitrogen on the 6^th day, 82%±1.35%, 93.3%±4.41%, 91.8%±2.77% for nitric nitrogen on the 21^st day, and 84.3%±3.52%, 23.5%±2.53%, 3.4%±2.16% for nitrite nitrogen on the 21^st day, respectively. The results provide a reference for the application of heterotrophic cultivated Chlorella pyrenoidosa in the purification of the tail water in marine pond culture.

Key words: Chlorella pyrenoidosa heterotrophic cultivation aquaculture tail water water purification