| 摘要: |
| 北极海冰作为一个巨大的淡水资源库,每年向全球输送大量淡水资源,从北极输出的海冰在向南输送的过程中融化,对海洋水循环与水环境产生影响,进而影响全球气候变化,弗雷姆海峡作为北极海冰输出的主要通道,对其研究显得尤为重要。为了解弗雷姆海峡海冰长期输出量,利用美国冰雪数据中心(NSIDC)发布的海冰密集度、海冰厚度与海冰漂移速度数据,计算得到1979年至2019年弗雷姆海峡海冰输出面积通量与2010至2019年弗雷姆海峡海冰输出体积通量,并在此基础上分析弗雷姆海峡近40 a海冰输出量的变化状况以及弗雷姆海峡海冰输出的年际变化、季节变化,并分析了影响弗雷姆海峡海冰输出量的可能原因。结果表明:近40 a弗雷姆海峡年均海冰输出面积通量为7.83×105 km2,近10 a弗雷姆海峡海冰年均输出体积通量为1.34×106 km3,从长期来看,弗雷姆海峡海冰输出面积通量呈略微增加趋势,弗雷姆海峡海冰输出体积通量在2010-2019年整体呈下降趋势,且变化幅度很大,在2015年与2019年呈现出海冰低输出。总体而言,弗雷姆海峡海冰输出量变化趋势并不明显,但显示出较大的年际与季节变化,海冰输出主要发生在冬季与春季,海冰密集度与海冰漂移速度对于弗雷姆海峡海冰输出量有关键影响。 |
| 关键词: 北极海冰 海冰输出 弗雷姆海峡 卫星遥感 海冰变化 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20210427002 |
| 分类号:P731.15 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(42076185,41706194) |
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| Ice output of the Fram Strait sea in the past four decades based on remote sensing data |
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WANG Kun1, BI Hai-bo2, HUANG Jue1
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1.Shandong University of Science and Technology, College of Geodesy and Geomatics, Qingdao 266590, China;2.Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
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| Abstract: |
| As a massive freshwater reservoir,the Arctic Ocean transports large amounts of freshwater resources to the world every year.The ice exported from the Arctic Ocean melts during transportation to the south,thus affecting marine water cycles,water environments,and global climate change.Research on the Fram Strait is particularly important because it is the main channel for the export of the Arctic Ocean ice.To understand the long-term sea ice output in the Fram Strait,the output area flux and output volume flux of the sea ice in 1979-2019 and 2010-2019,respectively,in the Fram Strait are estimated using the sea ice density,thickness,and drift velocity data released by the National Snow and Ice Data Center.On this basis,variations in the sea ice output in the Fram Strait in the last four decades and the interannual and seasonal variations in the sea ice output in the Fram Strait are analyzed.Moreover,the possible factors affecting the sea ice output in the Fram Strait are analyzed.Results showed that in the Fram Strait,the average annual output area flux of sea ice in the last four decades is 7.83×105 km2 and the average annual output volume flux of sea ice in the last decade is 1.34×106 km3.In the long run,the output area flux of sea ice in the Fram Strait shows a slightly increasing trend.Moreover,the output volume flux of sea ice in the Fram Strait shows a decreasing trend from 2010 to 2019 with a wide variation range,exhibiting a low sea ice output in 2015 and 2019.Overall,the variation trend of the sea ice output in the Fram Strait is not obvious but shows large interannual and seasonal changes.Furthermore,the sea ice output is mainly observed in winter and spring,and the sea ice density and drift speed considerably affect the sea ice output in the Fram Strait. |
| Key words: Arctic sea ice sea ice output Fram Strait satellite remote sensing sea ice change |
