引用本文:	王尽文,杜明,林森,张绍萍,蒲思潮,黄娟,李凡.日照近岸海域春秋季虾蟹类的种类组成特征[J].海洋科学,2021,45(1):76-84.

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日照近岸海域春秋季虾蟹类的种类组成特征
王尽文^1,2, 杜明³, 林森^1,2, 张绍萍^1,2, 蒲思潮^1,2, 黄娟^1,2, 李凡⁴
1.山东省海洋生态环境与防灾减灾重点实验室, 山东青岛 266061;2.国家海洋局北海预报中心, 山东青岛 266061;3.国家海洋局北海环境监测中心, 山东青岛 266033;4.山东省海洋资源与环境研究院, 山东烟台 264006

摘要:

作者根据2012年5月和2013年11月对日照近岸海域进行的底拖网调查资料，分析了该海域虾蟹类的种类组成、优势种和生物多样性。调查海域共捕获虾蟹类25种，根据相对重要性指数计算优势种为8种，其中经济价值较高的中大型虾蟹类5种，分别为：口虾蛄（Oratosquilla oratoria）、戴氏赤虾（Meraenaeopsis dalei）、鹰爪虾（Trachypenaeus curvirostris）、日本（虫寻）（Charybdis japonica）和三疣梭子蟹（Portunus trituberculatus）。分别计算了日照近岸海域春、秋季虾蟹类群落的多样性指数（H'）、丰富度指数（D）和均匀度指数（J）。该海域虾蟹类群落多样性整体处在较低的水平，在生物量和丰度上经济较高的中大型虾蟹类物种占据优势。

关键词: 黄海日照虾蟹类物种多样性优势种

DOI：10.11759/hykx20200404002

分类号:S931

基金项目:国家重点研发计划资助项目（2016YFC1402103）；国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC1403700）

Composition of Shrimps and crabs in the coastal waters of Rizhao during spring and autumn seasons

WANG Jin-wen^1,2, DU Ming³, LIN Sen^1,2, ZHANG Shao-ping^1,2, PU Si-chao^1,2, HUANG Juan^1,2, LI Fan⁴

1.Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environment & Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, Qingdao 266061, China;2.North China Sea Marine Forecasting Center of SOA, Qingdao Oceanic Environmental Monitoring CentralStation of SOA, Qingdao 266061, China;3.North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266033, China;4.Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China

Abstract:

To understand the species composition and diversity of shrimps and crabs in the coastal waters of Rizhao City, we collected the required data in the bottom trawl surveys in May 2012 and November 2013. We identified a total of 25 species of shrimps and crabs. By the IRI(Index of Relative Importance, IRI) index, Oratosquilla oratoria, Meraenaeopsis dalei, Trachypenaeus curvirostris, Charybdis japonica, and Portunus trituberculatus were ranked as the largest edible dominant species having a high commercial value in the study area. Importantly, we calculated Shannon diversity (H'), Pielou's evenness index (J), and Margalef's species richness diversity (D) of the shrimp and crab communities during spring and autumn seasons. The overall diversity of shrimp and crab communities in the sea area is at a lower level. Moreover, the large edible shrimps and crabs with a high commercial value offer a huge advantage in terms of biomass and abundance.

Key words: the Yellow Sea Rizhao City shrimps and crabs species diversity dominant species