| 摘要: |
| 为提高对虾养殖过程中的饵料利用率并减少养殖废水的排放, 作者以凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)为实验对象, 研究了不同饵料种类、投喂方式、体质量、充气量、光照强度、水温及盐度对其相对摄食量的影响。结果表明: 配合饲料组对虾的相对摄食量显著高于冰鲜虾肉组; 连续单颗投喂时对虾的相对摄食量较高; 相对摄食量随对对虾体重升高而显著(P< 0.01)下降, 而且不同规格的对虾在竞争条件下平均相对摄食量会降低; 充气量6 L/min组对虾的相对摄食量明显高于另外两组; 弱光环境下对虾的相对摄食量较高; 水温和盐度对相对摄食量的影响极显著(P< 0.01), 在32℃时对虾获得最大相对摄食量, 在盐度为5时相对摄食量最小, 高盐度下组间差异不显著(P> 0.05)。因此, 在实际生产中应采取少量多次的投饵策略, 并根据环境条件的变化合理的调整投饵量。 |
| 关键词: 凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei) 饵料 投喂方式 环境条件 相对摄食量 |
| DOI：10.11759//hykx20150129001 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:浙江省公益性技术应用研究计划项目(2013C32058); 浙江万里学院省重中之重学科自设课题资助项目(ZS2012007) |
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| Effect of different foods, feeding patterns, and environmental conditions on the relative food consumption of Litopenaeus vannamei |
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XIAO Shan-shi,HE Lin,XU Yong-jian,HE Jing,LIN Zhi-hua
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| Abstract: |
| In this study, to improve the utilization rate of bait and reduce the aquaculture sewage discharge in prawn culture, we examined the effects of food sources, feeding patterns, body weight, aeration quantity, light intensity, water temperature, and salinity on the relative food consumption (RFC) of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). The results showed that the RFC of shrimp fed with compound feed was higher than that of chilled shrimp. The use of grain-by-grain feeding patterns can significantly enhance the RFC of shrimp. The RFC significantly decreased as body weight increased (P < 0.01). At the same time, the average RFC was lower when shrimp of different sizes were competing for food. The RFC at 6 L/min was significantly greater than at 0 L/min and 3 L/min. The shrimp under weak light achieved a higher RFC. Temperature and salinity had significant effects on the RFC of shrimp (P < 0.01). The highest RFC occurred in the 32℃ group. The minimum RFC of shrimp occurred at 5℃; however, no significant difference (P > 0.05) was found in groups at 15, 25, and 35℃. Therefore, strategies to increase feeding frequency in prawn culture should be considered and to adjust feeding amounts by changing the environmental conditions can be reasonably achieved. |
| Key words: Litopenaeus vannamei food species feeding patterns environmental conditions relative food consumption |
