引用本文:	缪雄谊,叶思源,郝玉培,阳莲锦,陈伟海,黄保健,沈利娜.黄河三角洲表层土壤重金属环境质量评价[J].海洋科学,2016,40(2):65-76.

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黄河三角洲表层土壤重金属环境质量评价
缪雄谊^1,2,3, 叶思源^4,2,3, 郝玉培⁵, 阳莲锦⁶, 陈伟海⁵, 黄保健⁵, 沈利娜⁵
1.中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所, 国土资源部广西岩溶动力学重点实验室;2.中国地质调查局滨海湿地生物地质重点实验室;3.国土资源部海洋油气资源与环境地质重点实验室;4.国土资源部广西岩溶动力学重点实验室;5.中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所;6.贵州地矿基础工程有限公司

摘要:

主要针对黄河三角洲表层土壤及沉积物的重金属分布调查, 在2006～2008年间采集表层土壤样品219个(其中浅海湿地25个), 并运用受普遍认可的生态危害指数法、单因子及内梅罗污染指数法对黄河三角洲整体进行环境质量评价, 得出以下结论: (1)黄河三角洲表层土壤中重金属元素的污染指数从高到低为: Cr>Pb>Zn>As>Cu>Cd>Hg; (2)浅海湿地的近海表层沉积物中的重金属元素含量较上三角洲平原的表层土壤低, 前者最大影响来源于As, 土壤样品一级标准率达到96%; 后者的最大威胁是As和Cd, 土壤样品一级标准率达到88.5%; (3)黄河三角洲表层土壤及近海沉积物的Erⁱ值、RI值、单因子污染指数及综合污染指数均较小, 远未达到轻微污染的标准, 表明黄河三角洲土壤环境状况较好,整体处于清洁水平。

关键词: 黄河三角洲表层土壤沉积物重金属

DOI：10.11759/hykx20150316003

分类号:

基金项目:国土资源部公益性行业基金(201111023); 国家自然科学基金(41240022)以及海洋地质保障工程项目(GZH201200503); 大地调项目(1212010611402)联合资助

Assessment of heavy metal Contamination in the surface soil of the Yellow River Delta, China

MIAO Xiong-yi,YE Si-yuan,HAO Yu-pei,YANG Lian-jin,CHEN Wei-hai,HUANG Bao-jian,SHEN Li-na

Abstract:

The research focuses on the distribution of heavy metal elements in surface soil and sediments. Total 219 surface soil samples, including 25 samples of shallow coastal wetlands, were sampled. The content of heavy metal elements in these samples were tested using modern techniques. The potential ecological risk index (RI), single-factor pollution index, and Nemerow index were used, which reflects Cr > Pb > Zn > As > Cu > Cd > Hg. Because the sea water washes the shallow coastal wetlands, their samples have a lower content of heavy metal elements. The greatest threat of heavy metal pollution in the upper delta plain is from As and Cd, and 88.5% of soils achieved the soil environmental standard of National First Grade. Further, the greatest threat of heavy metal pollution in the shallow coastal wetlands is from As, and 96% of soils achieved the soil environmental standard of National First Grade. A deeper analysis of potential pollution disclosed that RI, single-factor pollution index, and Nemerow index are too low. They do not reach the lowest pollution standard, implying that the soils in the Yellow River Delta are in good environmental condition.

Key words: Yellow River Delta Heavy metal Surface Soil Sediment