| 摘要: |
| 在实验室条件下, 研究了全光照(24L︰ 0D)、半光照半黑暗(12L︰ 12D)、全黑暗(0L︰ 24D)3 种光照周期下刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)的摄食节律、摄食率以及3 种消化酶(脂肪酶、淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶)活力的昼夜变化规律。结果显示: (1)在全光照条件下, 刺参极少活动, 24 h 内的摄食比例较低(6%～10%); 在半光照半黑暗条件下, 刺参光照阶段运动不活跃, 摄食比例较低(0～10%), 黑暗阶段运动极其活跃, 摄食比例较高; 在全黑暗条件下, 刺参一直处于较活跃状态, 24 h 内的摄食比例都较高。3种光照条件下, 刺参的摄食高峰都出现在00:00～02:00, 且刺参夜晚的摄食比例显著高于白天(P<0.05);(2)刺参的日摄食率从全光照、半光照半黑暗到全黑暗依次增加, 3 种光照周期条件下刺参夜晚的摄食率极显著高于白天的摄食率(P<0.01); (3)3 种光照周期下, 刺参3 种消化酶活力的最大值都出现在22:00～02:00, 消化酶活力的最大值比摄食高峰早0～4 h。研究结果表明, 光照对刺参的摄食节律和消化酶活力昼夜变化都有显著影响, 刺参具有提前分泌消化酶为即将到来的摄食做好准备的调节机制。 |
| 关键词: 刺参(Apostichopus japonicus) 光照周期 摄食节律 摄食率 消化酶活力 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20141217001 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD13B02); 海洋公益性行业科研专项(201305043、201205023); 国家自然科学基金委员会-山东省人民政府联合资助海洋科学研究中心项目(U1406403) |
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| Effects of photoperiods on feeding rhythm and digestive physiology of sea cucumber,Apostichopus japonicus |
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| Abstract: |
| In this paper, the feeding rhythm, ingestion rate (IR) and the diurnal rhythm of three digestive enzyme (lipase, amylase and trypsin) activities were studied in sea cucumbers under three photoperiods (24L: 0D, 12L: 12D and 0L: 24D). The results showed that: (1) under the photoperiod of 24L: 0D, sea cucumber had lower activities and feeding proportion (6%～10%) within 24 hours; under the photoperiod of 12L: 12D, sea cucumber had lower activities and feeding proportion (0～10%) in the light and had higher activities and feeding proportion in the dark; under the photoperiod of 0L︰24D, sea cucumber was in the active state all the time and had higher feeding proportion within 24 hours; under all the three photoperiods, the feeding peaks of sea cucumber occurred at 00: 00～02: 00 and the feeding proportions were significantly higher at night than those during the daytime (P<0.05); (2) the ingestion rates of sea cucumber were increased from 24L︰0D, 12L︰12D to 0L︰24D and the ingestion rate was significantly higher at night than those during the daytime (P<0.01); (3) the peak activities of three digestive enzymes of sea cucumber appeared at 22:00～02:00 under three photoperiods and the peak activities of digestive enzymes were 0～4 h earlier than the peak of feeding. Taken together, these results demonstrated that light was a powerful environment factor that influenced rhythms of feeding and digestive enzyme activities of Apostichopus japonicus, which had the ability to optimize the digestive processes for a forthcoming ingestion. |
| Key words: Apostichopus japonicus Photoperiod Feeding rhythm Ingestion rate Digestive enzyme activity |
