| 引用本文: | 方淑波,贾晓波,王 玉,张新生,安树青,郑 正,杨晓英.盐城海岸带表层土壤重金属的空间分布及其影响因素研究[J].海洋科学,2011,35(5):82-88. |
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| 盐城海岸带表层土壤重金属的空间分布及其影响因素研究 |
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方淑波1,2, 贾晓波3, 王 玉3, 张新生3, 安树青3, 郑 正1, 杨晓英1
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1.复旦大学环境科学与工程系;2.上海海洋大学水产与生命学院;3.南京大学生命科学学院湿地生态研究所
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| 摘要: |
| 以盐城海岸带为研究对象, 分析了Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, V, Zn, Co, Cd 9 种重金属元素在二维空间分布的异质性, 以及沿着经纬度方向的梯度变化, 并通过主成分分析和元素区域背景值的分析, 探讨重金属元素的可能来源。结果表明: 自陆向海存在着逐渐减少的格局梯度, 而在区域的北部分布着重金属元素的峰值; 二维分析的结果表明, 重金属元素在空间分布的异质性较强, 北部、人类活动较强的区域、靠近内陆的海岸带区域和河口区域的重金属元素值较高; 主成分分析表明, 9 种元素可以分成两个主成分, 第一个主成分包括Cr, Co, Fe, Mn, Ni, V 6 种元素, 其旋转荷载贡献率为63.31%, 第二主成分为Cd, 其旋转荷载贡献率为22.81%。对比元素的背景值, 认为第一主成分主要反映了由外源输入的重金属元素, 第二主成分主要反映了背景值, 而Cu, Zn 则处于外源输入和背景值交互作用的状态。目前该区域的重金属生态风险属于较轻的水平, 但是由于日益加强的人为活动, 人为引入的重金属元素研究值得重视。 |
| 关键词: 重金属 海岸带湿地 空间分异 影响因素 表层土壤 |
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| 基金项目:国家水专项资金项目(2009ZX07106-04); 上海市优秀青年教师基金项目(B-8101-09-0022); 上海海洋大学校内科研基金项目(B-8201-08-0280); 上海市重点学科建设基金项目(S30701) |
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| Analysis of the spatial distribution and the influence factors of the heavy metals in the top soil layer of the Yancheng coast |
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| Abstract: |
| We analyzed the heterogeneity in the spatial distribution of nine heavy metals (HM; Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Cd, V, Zn, and Co) in the coastal region of Yancheng. Inverse distance weighted interpolation was performed to study the gradient patterns of these metals from inland to coast and from south to north. Principle component analysis (PCA) and the background value analysis were then used to explore the possible sources of the heavy metals. It is found that the metal content decreased from inland to coast, while peaking in the northern region. The interpolation analysis indicated a high degree of heterogeneity in metal distributions. The heavy metal content was high in the northern region, regions with high human disturbance, inland of the coast, and the estuaries. The PCA results showed that the 9 HM could be divided into two groups. The PC1 included Cr, Co, Fe, Mn, Ni, and V, and the rotation sum of squared loadings was 63.31%. The PC2 was Cd, and the rotation sum of squared loadings was 22.81%. Compared with the background value, the PC1 was interpreted as HM from exogenous input, while the PC2 was composed of the heavy metal from background source. Cu and Zn were the metals with both exogenous inputs and background sources. At present, the ecological risks caused by heavy metals were not serious in this region. However, human induced HM deserves attention with increasingly intensified human activities in the region. |
| Key words: heavy metals coastal wetlands spatial heterogeneity influential factors surface soil layer |
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