引用本文:	邵艳卿,陆荣茂,董迎辉,柴雪良,肖国强,林志华.三种蛏的遗传多样性分析[J].海洋科学,2009,33(10):26-30.

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三种蛏的遗传多样性分析
邵艳卿^1,2, 陆荣茂^1,2, 董迎辉³, 柴雪良^1,2, 肖国强^1,2, 林志华³
1.浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所;2.浙江省近岸水域生物资源开发与保护重点实验室;3.浙江万里学院

摘要:

应用AFLP技术对浙南地区分布的小荚蛏(Siliqua minimai)、缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta)和大竹蛏(Solen grandis)3种蛏进行了基因组DNA多态性检测，并对其遗传多样性进行了分析。利用筛选出的5对引物组合，共扩增出781个清晰的位点；小荚蛏、缢蛏和大竹蛏多态位点比例依次为79.22%、84.25%和64.82%，Neis基因多样性指数分别为0.297 1、0.307 0和0.278 5，Shannons多样性指数分别为0.440 2、0.457 5和0.401 0，种内平均遗传距离为0.258 5、0.269 1和0.183 8。研究结果表明，这3种蛏的核DNA遗传多样性水平以缢蛏为最丰富，小荚蛏次之，大竹蛏最低；并且3种蛏的共享位点很少，遗传趋异比较明显，说明3种蛏的遗传关系比较远。

关键词: 蛏 AFLP 分子标记遗传多样性

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基金项目:国家科技基础条件平台建设项目（2007DKA30470-015）；温州市科技计划项目（S2005A001）

The genetic structure and diversity analysis of three species of razor clam using AFLP markers

SHAO Yan-qing,LU Rong-mao,DONG Ying-hui,CHAI Xue-liang,XIAO Guo-qiang,LIN Zhi-hua

Abstract:

Genetic polymorphisms of genomic DNA of three species of razor clam were detected by AFLP technique using five pairs of primers. The results show that seven hundred and eighty-one AFLP loci were analysed in 60 individuals and revealed high levels of genetic diversity. For the species of Siliqua milimai, Sinonovacula constricta and Solen grandis, the proportions of polymorphic loci were 79.22%, 84.25% and 64.82%, genetic similarity indexes of each population were 0.741 5, 0.730 9 and 0.816 2, Nei's gene diversity indexes were 0.297 1, 0.307 0, and 0.278 5, and Shannon's information indexes were 0.440 2, 0.457 5, and 0.401 0, respectively. The results suggested that there are abundant nuclear DNA genetic diversity in the three species of razor clam. Among them, the S. constricta has a higher level of the genetic diversities than the other two species of razor clam, and the S. grandis shows the lowest level of the genetic diversity among the 3 species of razor clam. The AFLP indicates the remote relationship among the 3 species of razor clam. This article also initially evaluates the situation of genetic diversity of germplasm resources of S. constricta in China, in order to offer a basic reference for protection of genetic resources.

Key words: razor clam AFLP molecular marker genetic diversity