| 摘要: |
| 用不连续垂直聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对大竹蛏（Solen grandis Dunker）外套膜、鳃、性腺、消化腺、斧足5种组织6种同工酶（LDH、ADH、EST、MDH、ACP、SOD）进行组织特异性分析，并对吕四渔场海域大竹蛏自然种群生化遗传多样性进行了初步研究。结果表明：大竹蛏同工酶的活性及酶谱特征具有明显的组织特异性，6种酶在消化腺中的活性最强，LDH、EST、MDH和SOD酶谱具有明显的组织特异性； 6种酶在消化腺和斧足中共检测到12个基因位点，其中Ldh-1、Ldh-2、Adh-1、Est-1、Mdh-1、Mdh-2、Mdh-3、Sod-2等8个基因位点为多态，多态位点比例为66.67％，平均每个位点的等位基因数Na为2.5，有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.9，预期杂合度(He)为0.373 7，实际杂合度(Ho)为0.333 3，香农信息指数(I)为0.624 2。 |
| 关键词: 大竹蛏（Solen grandis Dunker） 同工酶 组织特异性 生化遗传 |
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| 基金项目:江苏省科技厅高技术研究发展项目（BG2006335）；南通市农业创新科技计划项目（AL2006021） |
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| The tissue specificity and the genetic diversity of the alloyzymes of Solen grandis Dunker |
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| Abstract: |
| Vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to determine the tissue specificity of the allozymes of Solen grandis and the genetic diversity of Lvsi (Jiangsu Province) natural population of Solen grandis. Six kinds of enzymes (LDH, ADH, EST, MDH, ACP and SOD) of 5 kinds of tissues (mantle, gill, gonad, digestive gland and foot muscle) were screened. The results showed that the enzymes (LDH, EST, MDH and SOD) were obviously kinds of specific in 5 tissues. The activities of all the six kinds of enzymes were highest in digestive gland. These 6 enzymes were encoded by 12 loci, among which, 8(Ldh-1, Ldh-2, Adh-1, Est-1, Mdh-1, Mdh-2, Mdh-3 and Sod-2) revealed polymorphism either in muscle or digestive gland, accounting for 66.67％. The average observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.333 3 and 0.373 7, respectively. The mean allele number (Na) and effective allele number were 2.5 and 1.9, respectively. The Shannon's information index was 0.624 2. These observations indicated that Lvsi natural population holds relatively high genetic diversity compared with others species of marine shellfishes, being valuable for genetic improvement. |
| Key words: Solen grandis polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis allozyme tissue specificity polymorphism |
