| 摘要: |
| 利用常规营养测定方法测定了10只瘤背石磺(Onchidium struma) 的营养成分。结果表明,瘤背石磺活体(鲜样)的水分、粗灰分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪质量分数分别为88.78%、3.95 %、6.30%和0.63%。其肌肉中含17种氨基酸,总质量分数为55.77%(脱脂干样),其中,7种人体必需氨基酸总含量为15.63% ,占氨基酸总量的27.80%。瘤背石磺必需氨基酸比例符合联合国棉农组织/世界卫生组织标准。瘤背石磺的限制性氨基酸是赖氨酸和色氨酸,4种鲜味氨基酸干样的总质量分数为25.33%。瘤背石磺不同部位的蛋白含量不同,表现为精卵巢蛋白>腹足蛋白>外套蛋白>肝脏蛋白,且差异显著(P<0.05) 。矿物质元素含量丰富,钙、磷、铁、锌、铜含量较多,比例适宜,脂溶性维生素A、D、E 含量丰富。营养成分分析结果表明,瘤背石磺具有较高的食用价值和保健作用。 |
| 关键词: 瘤背石磺(Onchidium struma) 肌肉 营养成分 品质评价 |
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| 基金项目:盐城工学院科研基金资助项目(YG2007.032) |
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| Determination of the nutrients of Onchidium struma and evaluation of its quality |
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| Abstract: |
| Nutritional components in the muscle of 26 Onchidium struma were analyzed in common methods. The examination results showed that the contents of moisture, crude ash, crude protein and crude fat in the alive body of O. struma were 88.78%, 3.95%, 6.3% and 0.63%, respectively. Seventeen kinds of common amino acids were found in the muscle of O. struma, including 7 kinds of essential amino acids(EAA) , 2 kinds of half-essential amino acids(HEAA) and 8 kinds of nonessential amino acids(NEAA). In dry sample, the total content of amino acids(TAA) was 55.77%; the content of EAA was 15.63%. Four kinds of delicious amino acids(DAA) accounted for 25.33% in dry sample; the ratio of total delicious amino acids to total amino acids (WDAA/ WTAA) was 45.40%. The ratio of total essential amino acids to total amino acids (WEAA/WTAA) was 27.80%. It was clear that the content of the different amino acids was stable and the constitutional rate of the essential amino acids met the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/ World Health Organization(FAO/WHO) Standard. According to nutrition evaluation in amino acids score(AAS) and chemical score(CS), the first limited amino acid was Met and the second limited amino acid was Trp. The composition of mineral elements in the muscle of O. struma was reasonable and the trace elements such as Fe,Zn and Cu were rich, and the ratio of Ga/P ,Fe/ Zn/ Cu is resonable. The compositions of vitamins A, D, E in the muscle of O. struma were rich. The protein contents of the different places in the O. struma are different, and the difference was notable, which showed that the protein content oder is as follows: Spermary ovary protein>Pleopon protein>Wrap protein>Liver p rotein. In conclusion this investigation indicated that O. struma is a nutritive and delicious fish, and it could be a potential aquaculture species. |
| Key words: Onchidium struma muscle nutrient components evaluation of nutritive quality |
