| 摘要: |
| 1999年以来,福建、广东两省养殖鲍已连续多年发生了暴发性流行病,死亡率可达100%。结合病理学分析与流行病学调查结果分析,认为球状病毒和弧菌并发感染是该暴发病流行的主要原因。电镜观察发现病鲍的肝细胞和肠上皮细胞内有大小约为130～150nm和50～70nm的2种球状病毒,前者数量较多,具外囊膜,后者的病毒颗粒裸露,未见外囊膜。感染造成了鲍的肝脏和肠等器官的细胞结构严重破坏。人工感染实验表明注射、混养、浸泡等方式均会导致感染。根据回归实验和流行特点调查,结合病理分析结果,该病多发生于23℃以下的水温期,主要是通过海水的流动和养殖水的交换和鲍的运销而传播,25℃以上水温未见该病暴发。 |
| 关键词: 鲍 流行病 球状病毒 病因 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:福建省海洋与渔业局资助项目(9808) |
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| The pathogeny and epidemiology of fulminating epidemic disease of abalone in Fujian and Guangdong |
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| Abstract: |
| Several events of fulminating epidemic disease broke out since 1999, which often caused 100% mortality of abalone Haliotis drversicotor aquatilis farmed in Fujian and Guangdong coasts. Two forms of spheroid virus in jecur and enteron cells of the dead were found by SEM. The former was 130～150nm, enclosed by an envelop, and the latter was 50～70nm without the wrap. Re-infection test, epidemic disease survey, and pathologic analysis have shown that the disease often occurred at below 23℃, when abalone were injected, mix-cultured and soaked, during seawater flow, mariculture water exchange, and abalone. |
| Key words: abalone epidemic disease spheroid virus pathogeny |
