| 摘要: |
| 贻贝是我国沿海常见的经济贝类，作为检测海洋污染情况的前哨物种对多种贝类毒素均具有较强的蓄积能力，但不同贻贝蓄积能力的种间差异还不清晰。因此，基于贝类软组织质量比原则，将紫贻贝与厚壳贻贝分别暴露于链状亚历山大藻，研究两种贻贝对麻痹性贝类毒素（paralytic shellfish toxins, PSTs）的蓄积代谢与生理应激差异。结果表明，紫贻贝和厚壳贻贝中PSTs最高蓄积量分别为889.1 μg STXeq/kg和358.6 μg STXeq/kg，前者超出后者的2倍。代谢3天后，厚壳贻贝PSTs的清除率为88.8 %，而紫贻贝仅为42.5 %。经皮尔逊相关性分析表明，两种贻贝各组织单日PSTs蓄积量与其产毒藻吸收率呈显著正相关(P < 0.05)，而与滤食率无显著相关性(P > 0.05)。在生理应激方面，紫贻贝对产毒藻的清滤率与吸收率为厚壳贻贝的两倍。此外，紫贻贝肝胰腺组织的氧化应激与组织损伤更严重，导致其肝胰腺中PSTs向其他组织转移量与清除率均显著低于厚壳贻贝。综上所述，产毒藻暴露下厚壳贻贝通过改变摄食行为降低PSTs的蓄积量，导致厚壳贻贝中PSTs的安全风险明显低于紫贻贝。研究结果为探究不同双壳贝类对PSTs的蓄积差异机理研究提供思路。 |
| 关键词: 贻贝 种间差异 蓄积代谢 摄食行为 生理应激 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20231200262 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
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| COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE ACCUMULATION, METABOLISM, AND PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS OF PARALYTIC SHELLFISH TOXINS IN TWO MUSSELS |
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Yang Yuecong, Zhang Qianru, Zheng Guanchao, Zhao Huihui, Wang Xiaoxiao, Tan Zhijun, Wu Haiyan
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YellowSeaFisheriesResearchInstitute,ChineseAcademy OfFisherySciences
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| Abstract: |
| Mussels possess strong capacity for environmental adaptation, used as indicators for environmental pollution factors. Research has demonstrated that their toxin accumulation during harmful algal blooms is significantly higher than that of other bivalve mollusks. In this study, two species of mussels (M. unguiculatus and M. galloprovincialis) were chosen for exposure experiments. These mussels were fed with toxin-producing algae (Alexandrium catenella) according to soft tissue weight ratio. M. galloprovincialis exhibited the highest content of PSTs at 889.1 μg STXeq/kg after 7 days of accumulation (exceeded the limitation of 800 μg STXeq/kg). In contrast, PSTs content in M. unguiculatus was relatively lower (358.6 μg STXeq/kg). The elimination rate of PSTs in M. galloprovincialis (88.8%) was significantly higher than that of M. unguiculatus (42.5%). The daily accumulation rates of PSTs in M. galloprovincialis and M. unguiculatus exhibited a significant positive correlation with the absorption efficiency (P < 0.05), while no significant correlation was observed with the clearance rate (P > 0.05). The clearance rate and absorption efficiency of M. galloprovincialis towards toxin-producing algae were found to be twice as high as those of M. unguiculatus. Furthermore, the hepatopancreas of M. galloprovincialis exhibited more severe oxidative stress and pathological damage, leading to reduced tissue transfer of PSTs and lower elimination rate compared to M. unguiculatus. Consequently, the proportion of PSTs in the edible tissue of M. galloprovincialis were observed to be higher than those in M. unguiculatus. M. unguiculatus exhibits a reduction in toxin accumulation through a decrease in feeding behavior, whereas M. galloprovincialis demonstrates a notable oxidative stress response in high PSTs contents. To summarize, physiological stress distinctions ultimately result in variations in the accumulation of PSTs between different species of mussels. |
| Key words: Mussels interspecific variation accumulation and metabolism feeding behavior physiological stress |