| 摘要: |
| 眼斑双锯鱼(Amphiprion ocellaris)属于鲈形目、雀鲷科、双锯鱼属, 是热带珊瑚礁观赏鱼类的首选品种。不同体色和花纹与色素细胞相关基因的表达直接相关, 在其胚胎发育的过程中, 色素细胞的形态和数量一直在变化, 但不同发育时期各种色素细胞的动态变化及其控制基因表达情况等仍需明确研究。记录了眼斑双锯鱼胚胎时期色素细胞变化较为明显的6个发育时期, 观察了不同时期的体色及色素细胞的变化特点, 并利用荧光定量PCR检测了各发育时期的10个体色控制基因的表达情况。结果显示: 在胚胎发育阶段, 整个胚胎的颜色从橙黄逐渐转变为暗红、黑红、黑色到最终透明, 观察到卵黄囊表面幼体黑色素细胞到成体黑色素细胞的转变过程, 鱼体表面在翻转期出现成体黑色素细胞、在器官形成期出现红色素细胞, 眼睛及腹部在孵化期出现虹彩色素细胞。结合荧光定量PCR结果分析发现: 卵黄囊表面幼体黑色素细胞推测是外胚层中的神经嵴细胞直接发育而成, 不需要迁移过程; Ednrb、TYR、Tbx2b基因对幼体黑色素细胞的形成和发育有重要作用, Pax3、Dct、Aim1基因与成体黑色素细胞的分化、迁移、形成过程密切相关; 其中TYR基因的相对表达量在体节期出现显著增加, 说明TYR基因在胚胎发育初期就参与黑色素细胞的形成; Tbx2b基因不仅对黑色素细胞形成有影响, 对眼斑双锯鱼心脏的形成也有一定作用; Fms基因对红色素细胞形成有重要作用; Ltk基因的表达要早于虹彩色素细胞的出现; 相关性分析发现各基因之间存在相互作用。 |
| 关键词: 眼斑双锯鱼(Amphiprion ocellaris) 发育 体色 色素细胞 表达分析 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20230900194 |
| 分类号:Q954;S965;Q789 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发项目,2022YFE0203900号;国家重点研发项目,2022YFD2400501号;广东省科技计划项目,20221207号;财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系专项,CARS-47-G01号;中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项,2020TD25号。 |
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| ANALYSIS OF PIGMENT CELL CHANGES AND CONTROL GENES EXPRESSION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF BODY COLOR PATTERN OF AMPHIPRION OCELLARIS: I. EMBRYONIC PERIOD |
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SUN Wei-Heng1,2, SUN Zhi-Bin2, WANG Xin-An2, MA Ai-Jun2, LI Ying-Di2, GOU Dong-Hui2, YU Hong2, LI Hao-Zhe2, Vorathep Muthuwan3, QU Jiang-Bo4, HONG Yi-Zhan5
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1.College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China;2.National Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Mariculture Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, China;3.The Institute of Marine Science, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand;4.Yantai Tianyuan Aquatic Co., Ltd., Yantai 264006, China;5.Hainan Zhanyu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Ledong 572536, China
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| Abstract: |
| This study recorded 6 developmental stages of the embryonic period of Amphiprion ocellaris with significant changes in pigment cells. The changes in body color and pigment cells at different stages were observed, and the expression of 10 body color-related genes at each developmental stage was detected using fluorescence quantitative PCR. The results showed that during the embryonic period, the color of the entire embryo gradually changed from orange yellow to dark red, black red, black, and finally transparent. The transformation process from larval melanocyte to melanocyte on the surface of the yolk sac was observed. Melanocyte appeared on the surface of the fish during the rollover period, erythrophore appeared during organogenesis period, and iridophore appeared in the eyes and abdomen during hatching. Based on the analysis of fluorescence quantitative PCR results, it was found that the larval melanocyte on the surface of the yolk sac may have developed directly from neural crest cells in the ectoderm, without the need for migration; Ednrb, TYR, and Tbx2b genes played an important role in the formation and development of larval melanocyte, while PAX3, Dct, and Aim1 genes were closely related to the differentiation, migration, and formation process of melanocyte; the relative expression level of TYR gene significantly increased during the segmentation period, indicating that TYR gene was involved in the formation of melanocytes during early embryonic development; the Tbx2b gene not only affected the formation of melanocytes, but also had a certain effect on the formation of the heart of A. ocellaris; the Fms gene played an important role in the formation of erythrophore; the expression of Ltk gene was earlier than the appearance of iridophore; correlation analysis revealed interactions between various genes. |
| Key words: Amphiprion ocellaris development body color pigment cells expression analysis |
