| 摘要: |
| 本文根据2012和2013年夏初南黄海网采浮游植物调查数据，与1959、2002及2003年的调查资料作比较，研究了南黄海海域浮游植物的分布和长期变化规律。结果表明，浮游植物生物量的年际变化波动较大，1959年全国海洋综合调查时期的浮游植物生物量显著低于2012—2013年的生物量。2013年浮游植物平均丰度和碳含量最高，分别为（18.73±46.68）×104cell/m3和（1110.71± 2107.82）μgC/m3。近岸海域的浮游植物对南黄海浮游植物总生物量有主要贡献。1959年，硅藻在群落中的丰度比例大于93%，而2012—2013年，这一比例下降为50%—60%。相应地，硅藻碳含量比例由70%—85%下降为18%—28%，且甲藻占优势的区域扩大。硅藻碳含量比例在群落中明显下降一方面是因为硅藻碳密度相对较低，另一方面是因为甲藻丰度的增大。相对于1959年，近年来硅藻中的角毛藻属（Chaetoceros）和伪菱形藻属（Pseudonitzschia），以及甲藻中的角藻属（Ceratium）和夜光藻属（Noctiluca）成为新的优势种属。与环境因子的相关性分析表明，影响南黄海夏初浮游植物群落分布的关键环境因子为温度、盐度、硅酸盐和溶解性无机氮。 |
| 关键词: 南黄海 浮游植物 长期变化 碳含量 群落结构 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20160200028 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国科学院海洋先导科技专项（A类），XDA11030204号；国家重点基础研究发展计划（“973”）资助项目，2014CB441504号。 |
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| DISTRIBUTION AND LONG-TERM VARIATION OF NET PHYTOPLANKTON IN SOUTH YELLOW SEA IN EARLY SUMMER |
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YANG Yang1,2, SUN Xiao-Xia1,3, ZHENG Shan1, ZHAO Yong-Fang1
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1.Jiaozhou Bay Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3.Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
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| Abstract: |
| Based on data collected in South Yellow Sea in three periods (1959, 2002—2003, and 2012—2013), long-term variation of net phytoplankton community in early summer of the region was analyzed. The results indicate that the abundance and carbon biomass of net phytoplankton in 1959 were significantly lower than those in 2012—2013. The maximum abundance was (18.73±46.68)×104cell/m3, and maximum carbon biomass was (1110.71±2107.82)μgC/m3 occurred in 2013. Phytoplankton distributed mainly in the coastal region. The composition of phytoplankton changed in recent years. Diatom abundance decreased from 93% in 1959 to 50%—60% in 2012—2013 and carbon biomass from 70%—85% to 18%—28%. The area of dinoflagellate dominance expanded. The proportion of dinoflagellates carbon biomass increased because of the low carbon density of diatom and the increase in dinoflagellate abundance. Chaetoceros, Pseudonitzschia, Ceratium, and Noctiluca became new dominant genus in 2012—2013. The key environmental factors influencing phytoplankton assemblages in early summer in South Yellow Sea were temperature, salinity, reactive silicate and dissolved inorganic nitrogen. |
| Key words: South Yellow Sea phytoplankton long-term variation carbon biomass community structure |
