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| 象山港海洋牧场示范区大型底栖生物的时空变化 |
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陈晨,焦海峰,王一农①,刘懂,孙元,刘迅,王莉,陈启鹏
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宁波大学海洋学院 宁波,宁波市海洋与渔业研究院 宁波,宁波大学海洋学院 宁波,宁波大学海洋学院 宁波,宁波市海洋与渔业研究院 宁波,宁波大学海洋学院 宁波,宁波大学海洋学院 宁波,宁波大学海洋学院 宁波
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| 摘要: |
| 根据象山港海洋牧场示范区建设前(2011年)、建设中(2012年)、建设后(2013年)对象山港全港区、邻近区、示范区11个站位,进行5个航次调查所获得的大型底栖生物的资料,对比分析建设前后大型底栖生物的时空变化。结果表明:共鉴定出大型底栖生物59种,建设后> 建设中> 建设前,优势种变化明显。大型底栖生物密度、生物量表现为:建设前> 建设中> 建设后;建设中> 建设后> 建设前。多样性指数H'、丰富度指数d均表现为:建设前> 建设后> 建设中,均匀度指数J则表现为建设中> 建设后> 建设前。多因子方差分析结果表明:建设前后,大型底栖生物种类数、栖息密度、生物多样性指数均存在显著性差异。根据群落聚类及nMDS排序分析,建设前后大型底栖生物群落组成存在明显差异,双因素相似性分析(ANOSIM)结果同时表明,群落建设前后存在显著性差异(综合检验R=0.215,P=0.004)。SIMPER分析,大型底栖生物群落的平均相似性建设前> 建设后> 建设中。根据调查站位的数据作出丰度/生物量比较曲线(ABC曲线)分析表明,建设中大型底栖生物受到了强烈的干扰,人工鱼礁投放、大型海藻移植、增殖放流会对其周围海域产生影响,但建设后扰动消失,表明随着时间的推移,海洋牧场建设过程中带来的扰动逐渐减小,并围绕鱼礁群逐渐形成新的人工生态系统。 |
| 关键词: 象山港 海洋牧场 大型底栖生物 时空变化 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20151000254 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:公益性行业(农业)科研专项,201303047号;生态修护区的跟踪监测及效果评价,013-E01207135300号。 |
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| TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL CHANGES OF MACROBENTHOS IN MARINE PASTURE DEMONSTRATION AREA IN XIANGSHAN BAY |
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CHEN Chen,JIAO Hai-Feng,WANG Yi-nong①,LIU Dong,SUN Yuan,LIU Xun,WANG Li and CHEN Qi-peng
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School of Marine Science,Ningbo University,Ningbo,Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fisheries,Ningbo,School of Marine Science,Ningbo University,Ningbo,School of Marine Science,Ningbo University,Ningbo,Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fisheries,Ningbo,School of Marine Science,Ningbo University,Ningbo,School of Marine Science,Ningbo University,Ningbo,School of Marine Science,Ningbo University,Ningbo
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| Abstract: |
| To evaluate the impacts of marine pasture construction in Xiangshan Bay (Zhejiang, East China) on temporal and spatial changes in macrobenthos, we conducted five bimonthly cruises before (2011), during (2012), and after the construction (2013) in 11 stations in a demonstration area. The temporal and spatial changes were compared in the demonstration area, the adjacent area, and the entire bay. Totally, 59 taxa were identified. The number and density of species were in the order of pre-> during-> post-construction with remarkable change of dominant species, while that of biomass was during-> post-> pre-construction. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Margalef richness index were in order of pre-> post-> during-construction, and Pielou evenness index showed an order of during-> post-> pre-construction. Results of ANOVE show that the density, number of species, and diversity index of macrobenthos were significantly different before and after the construction, so was the cluster, as confirmed also in nMDS (non-metric multidimensional scaling) and global validation by two-way crossed ANOSIM (Analysis of Similarity). The average similarity was ranked as pre-> post-> during-construction. In addition, the ABC (abundance-biomass comparison) method indicates that the macrobenthic communities presented some disturbance during the construction which could be resulted from human activities, such as artificial fish reef deployment, large seaweed transplanting, and fish fries release for proliferation. The disturbance has disappeared after the construction over a period, and a new artificial ecosystem around fish reef group has been established gradually. |
| Key words: Xiangshan Bay marine pasture macrobenthos spatial and temporal variation |
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