| 摘要: |
| 基于2010年1月—2011年12月对湖南境内沅水鱼类资源的连续调查, 系统研究了沅水鱼类物种资源现状及群落多样性特征。结果表明, 沅水现有鱼类99种(不含引进种), 隶属8目19科63属。在沅水的怀化、五强溪水库和常德江段, 鱼类物种数分别为69、66和77种, 鱼类多样性春、夏季高于秋、冬季, 常德江段高于其它两个江段。五强溪水库与怀化、常德江段之间鱼类群落为中等相似, 怀化与常德江段之间为中等不相似。生态类型方面, 沅水鱼类以定居性、杂食性和底栖性为主; 各江段渔获物组成存在一定差异, 渔获物产量和规格以五强溪水库较高, 其它江段鱼类小型化明显。对比历史资料显示, 沅水鱼类物种多样性已明显下降。 |
| 关键词: 鱼类资源, 物种多样性, 沅水, 湖南 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz201301022022 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目, 30972260号, 31172414号; 湖南省高校科技创新团队支持计划, 2010年; 湖南文理学院基金项目, BSQD1003号 |
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| STATUS AND DIVERSITY OF FISH RESOURCES OF YUANSHUI RIVER IN HUNAN PROVINCE, CHINA |
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LIU Liang-Guo, YANG Chun-Ying, YANG Pin-Hong, YANG Pin-Hong, ZOU Wan-Sheng, HAN Qing
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Key Laboratory of Zoology in Hunan Higher Education, College of Life Science, Hunan University of Arts and Science
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| Abstract: |
| On the basis of the continuous investigation of the fish resources of Yuanshui River in Hunan Province during January 2010—December 2011, the current status of fish resources and diversity characteristics of fish assemblages were studied. Results indicated that there were 99 species (excluding introduced species) which belonged to 8 orders, 19 families and 63 genera in Yuanshui River. Cyprinids including 53 species, were the most species-rich family. There were 69, 66 and 77 fish species found in Huaihua, Wuqiangxi reservoir and Changde sections, respectively. Generally, higher diversities occurred in spring and summer than in autumn and winter, and in Changde section than in the other two sections. The fish communities were highly similar between Huaihua sections and Wuqiangxi reservoir, It was also the same highly similar between Wuqiangxi reservoir and Changde sections, and lower of that between Changde and Huaihua sections. With regard to ecological types, fish communities at the Yuanshui River were dominated by sedentary, omnivore and demersa species. The components of fishery catches were different from section to section, the yield and dimension of the commercially-important species of Wuqiangxi reservoir were higher than those of the other two sections, and the catches of Chenxi and Changde showed miniaturization significantly, except for Wuqiangxi reservoir. Compared with historical data, fish diversity in our samples were dramatically lower, and it was mainly due to over-fishing, construction of hydraulic engineering infrastructure, wading activities and so on. Some suggestions for the protection of the diminishing fish resources of the Yuanshui River were provided. |
| Key words: Fish resources, Species diversity, Yuanshui River, Hunan Province |
