| 摘要: |
| 实验生态条件下模拟研究了温度与盐度变化对两种海洋桡足类动物：火腿许水蚤（Schmackeria poplesia）和拟长腹剑水蚤（Oithona similis）摄食与代谢的影响。结果发现： （1）在温度范围5~30℃的温度范围内两种桡足类动物的摄食与代谢均呈现随温度升高而先升高后降低的变化趋势，其中火腿许水蚤的摄食率、滤水率、耗氧率和排氨率的最大值均出现在15℃，而拟长腹剑水蚤则在25℃到达峰值，说明拟长腹剑水蚤对温度具有较高的耐受性。（2）当暴露于不同盐度（15~35）时，火腿许水蚤可在低盐度（<25）条件下保持较高的摄食能力，且当盐度为25时其摄食率、滤水率达到峰值，之后便显著下降；拟长腹剑水蚤则在盐度为30时开始下降。前者的代谢能力在盐度为25时开始下降，后者在高盐度（35）时代谢能力依然有回升的趋势。说明拟长腹剑水蚤对盐度的耐受性更强。而火腿许水蚤及拟长腹剑水蚤对低盐度（20~25）有一定的偏好，二者通过强化自身代谢以抵消低盐度引起的渗透压变化对自身的影响。（3）基于氧氮比（O/N）变化的代谢作用分析显示：在整个温度梯度（10~25℃）中火腿许水蚤的氧氮比波动较大，而拟长腹剑水蚤除在高温（35℃）条件下，其氧氮比均低于24。盐度则会抑制火腿许水蚤的摄食能力从而迫使其分解体内储能物质（O/N>24），而对盐度耐受性较好的拟长腹剑水蚤则可始终维持较高的摄食和代谢能力（O/N<24）。故拟长腹剑水蚤能在较大的温、盐度范围内保持稳定的氨氮代谢水平，具有更高的环境耐受性。 |
| 关键词: 摄食 代谢 温度 盐度 海洋桡足类 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中央高校基本科研业务经费(201822005)，NSFC-山东省联合基金（U1606404） |
相关附件： 修改后图（jpg原件） |
|
| EFFECTS OF TEMPERARURE AND SALINITY CHANGES ON FEEDING AND METABOLISM OF TWO MARINE COPEPODS |
|
xueze, zhuliyan, wangboyuan, liuzhengyu
|
|
Academy of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China
|
| Abstract: |
| Effects of temperature and salinity on feeding and metabolism of two marine copepods, Schmackeria poplesia and Oithona similis, were evaluated under controlled lab conditions. Results showed that: （1） The feeding and metabolic efficiency of the two copepods increased first and then decreased with the increasement of temperature ranging from 5~30 ℃. The maximum grazing rate, filtering rate, respiration rate, ammonia excretion rate of S. poplesia appeared at 15 C, while those of O. similis peaked at 25 C. It suggested that O. similis has a higher tolerance to temperature.（2） When exposed to different salinities (15~35), S. poplesia can maintain high feeding ability under low salinity (<25) conditions, and when the salinity is 25, its grazing rate and filtering rate peaked and then decreased; the O. similis began to decline when the salinity was 30. The former's metabolic capacity began to decline at a salinity of 25, while the latter showed a tendency to rebound at high salinity (35). It is indicated that the O. similis is more tolerant to salinity. These two species presented similar reaction of increasing metabolism to alleviate the stress of osmotic pressure, and low salinity ranging from 20-25 was more favorable to their growth. （3） Metabolic analysis based on the change of oxygen/nitrogen ratio (O/N) showed that the oxygen-nitrogen ratio of ham leeches fluctuated greatly throughout the temperature gradient (10~25 ℃), At high temperature (35 ℃), the oxygen to nitrogen ratio is lower than 24. Salinity will inhibit the feeding ability of S. poplesia, which will force it to decompose the energetic storable material in the body (O/N>24), while the O. similis with good salinity tolerance can always maintain a high level of feeding and metabolism (O/N<24). Therefore, O. similis can maintain a stable level of metabolism in a wide range of temperature and salinity, which means it has a higher environmental tolerance. |
| Key words: feeding metabolism temperature salinity marine copepods |