| 引用本文: | 姜之信,李慷,巴旭冰,曾祥标,刘利平.中国近海洄游日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)玻璃鳗肠道微生物菌群分析.海洋与湖沼,2023,54(6):1728-1736. |
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| 中国近海洄游日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)玻璃鳗肠道微生物菌群分析 |
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姜之信1,2,3, 李慷1,2,3, 巴旭冰1,2,3, 曾祥标1,2,3, 刘利平1,2,3
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1.中国-东盟海水养殖技术"一带一路"联合实验室(上海) 上海海洋大学 上海 201306;2.上海海洋大学 水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室 上海 201306;3.上海海洋大学 上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心 上海 201306
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| 摘要: |
| 为研究长江口日本鳗鲡玻璃鳗肠道菌群的结构与多样性特征, 初步探究野生鳗鲡仔鱼的营养需求, 分别采集浙江台州市、舟山市以及江苏盐城市邻近海域的玻璃鳗样品, 利用16S rDNA扩增子测序技术, 分析三个采样点玻璃鳗肠道优势菌群及营养代谢相关的功能差异。结果显示, 三个采样点的玻璃鳗肠道菌群均以变形菌门(Proteobacteria, 68.7%~82.0%)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria, 4.2%~19.0%)为主要优势菌门。在属分类水平上, 不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter, 12.4%~17.3%)和假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas, 8.07%~13.03%)丰度较高, 属固定优势菌属。此外, 每个采样点样本中都含有丰富的独特细菌群, 包括台州市的气单胞菌属(Aeromonas)、舟山市的内生单胞属(Endozoicomonas)和丙酸杆菌属(Cutibacterium)以及盐城市的嗜冷杆菌属(Psychrobacter)和稳杆菌属(Empedobacter), 推测是受采样点不同水环境因素影响。不动杆菌、假单胞菌、内生单胞菌等菌属在多种鱼类肠道中有着消化蛋白质的功能, 气单胞菌虽属于纤维素降解菌, 也可分泌胞外蛋白酶。此外, 通过对玻璃鳗肠道菌群进行功能预测发现, 三个采样点玻璃鳗菌群功能均以氨基酸的转运和代谢占比最高, 推测玻璃鳗在洄游过程中可能摄取较多的蛋白质成分作为其饵料。初步探明了我国近海野生玻璃鳗肠道微生物菌群的多样性组成, 可为研究野生鳗鲡仔鱼摄食习惯及食物组成提供依据, 同时为日本鳗鲡人工繁殖仔稚鱼的饵料设计提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 日本鳗鲡 幼鱼 肠道菌群 微生物多样性 高通量测序 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20230300065 |
| 分类号:S965;Q955 |
| 基金项目:上海市科技兴农技术创新项目,2020-02-08-00-10-F01471号;国家自然科学基金项目,32072994号 |
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| ANALYSIS OF INTESTINAL MICROFLORA OF JAPANESE EEL (ANGUILLA JAPONICA) IN MIGRATION ALONG CHINA OFFSHORE |
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JIANG Zhi-Xin1,2,3, LI Kang1,2,3, BA Xu-Bing1,2,3, ZENG Xiang-Biao1,2,3, LIU Li-Ping1,2,3
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1.China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Mariculture Technology (Shanghai), Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;2.Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;3.Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
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| Abstract: |
| In order to study the structure and diversity of the intestinal microbiota of glass eels of Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) in the Changjiang (Yangtze) River estuary, and to investigate the nutritional requirements of wild glass eel, they were sampled in the adjacent waters of Taizhou and Zhoushan of Zhejiang Province, and Yancheng of Jiangsu Province. Using 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing technology, the dominant bacterial communities and functional differences related to nutrient metabolism in the glass eel intestines were analyzed. Results show that the intestinal bacterial community of glass eels at all the three sites was dominated by Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, which accounted for 68.7%~82.0% and 4.2%~19.0%, respectively. Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas were the most abundant genera, accounting for 12.4%~17.3% and 8.07%~13.03%, respectively, being dominant genera constantly. In addition, each site featured rich and unique bacterial groups, including Aeromonas in Taizhou, Endozoicomonas and Cutibacterium in Zhoushan, and Psychrobacter and Empedobacter in Yancheng, which is believed that different water environment factors resulted in site-specific bacterial groups. Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, and Endozoicomonas have protein-degrading functions in the intestines of various fish species. Aeromonas is a cellulose-degrading bacterium and can also secrete extracellular proteases. Furthermore, we found by functional prediction that the transport and metabolism of amino acids took the highest proportion of the functions, which implies that glass eels could consume more protein-rich components for food during migration. This study unveiled the diversified composition in intestinal microbiota of wild glass eels along offshore in East China, and provided a basis for studying the feeding habits and food composition of wild eels, as well as a reference for the design of bait for the artificial breeding of Japanese eel. |
| Key words: Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) larvae intestinal microbiota microbial diversity high-throughput sequencing |
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