| 引用本文: | 王静,段泽林,何子岩,陈楠生.2022年夏季胶州湾致灾物种多棘海盘车的分子解析.海洋与湖沼,2023,54(6):1656-1671. |
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| 2022年夏季胶州湾致灾物种多棘海盘车的分子解析 |
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王静1,2,3, 段泽林1,2,3, 何子岩1,2,3,4, 陈楠生1,2,3,4
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1.中国科学院海洋研究所 海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室 山东青岛 266071;2.崂山实验室 海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室 山东青岛 266237;3.中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心 山东青岛 266071;4.中国科学院大学 北京 100049
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| 摘要: |
| 多棘海盘车(Asterias amurensis)是海星纲的一个致灾物种, 广泛分布于包括我国黄海、渤海海域、韩国、日本和俄罗斯海域在内的北太平洋海域, 并作为入侵种分布于澳大利亚的塔斯马尼亚海域。多棘海盘车在多个海域发生过暴发性增殖导致的高密度、大规模聚集, 对海洋生态系统和水产养殖造成严重的负面影响。自2006年以来在我国山东青岛海域多次发生大规模多棘海盘车聚集, 对贝类养殖造成重大经济损失。日本、俄罗斯、澳大利亚等海域的多棘海盘车遗传多样性研究取得了显著进展, 然而,迄今为止鲜有针对我国海域致灾物种多棘海盘车的分子生物学分析, 阻碍了我国海域种群与全球种群间遗传进化关系的比较分析。研究重点分析了于2022年7月在胶州湾发生多棘海盘车暴发时采集的12个样本, 系统组装了其线粒体基因组、核糖体基因簇以及多种通用分子标记。基于线粒体基因组和核糖体基因簇的系统发育分析表明多棘海盘车具有较高的种内遗传多样性。基于线粒体基因组的蛋白编码基因进行分化时间估算, 多棘海盘车的种内遗传分化可能发生在1.7~4.2 Ma, 表明多棘海盘车的扩布可能较早发生。与线粒体基因组相比, 多棘海盘车核糖体基因簇序列在种内极为保守, 基本没有表现出种内序列差异, 表明线粒体基因组对多棘海盘车遗传多样性具有更高的分辨率。研究不仅首次构建了我国胶州湾海域致灾物种多棘海盘车的多种分子标记序列, 开发的高分辨率分子标记也将为实时监控胶州湾以及其他海域多棘海盘车的多样性特征和变化提供技术支持。 |
| 关键词: 多棘海盘车 暴发 遗传进化 胶州湾 线粒体 核糖体基因簇 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20230300045 |
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| 基金项目:泰山学者特聘专家计划;中国科学院战略性先导科技专项B类,XDB42030201号;泰山学者特聘专家计划;中国科学院率先行动“百人计划”。 |
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| MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF ASTERIAS AMURENSIS FROM A STARFISH OUTBREAK IN JIAOZHOU BAY IN SUMMER 2022 |
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WANG Jing1,2,3, DUAN Ze-Lin1,2,3, HE Zi-Yan1,2,3,4, CHEN Nan-Sheng1,2,3,4
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1.Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2.Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China;3.Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;4.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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| Abstract: |
| Asterias amurensis is a starfish species that can develop harmful outbreaks. This species belongs to the class Asteroidea and is widely distributed in the North Pacific Ocean, including the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea of China, and Korea, Japan, and Russia. It has also been found in Tasmania, Australia likely as an invasive species. Large-scale A. amurensis outbreaks have been observed in many ocean regions with high density, causing negative impacts on local ecosystem and aquaculture. Since 2006, large-scale A. amurensis outbreaks have been observed in Jiaozhou Bay and adjacent ocean regions in Qingdao, Shandong Peninsula, China, causing big economic losses to shellfish farming. Genetic diversity of A. amurensis in Japan, Russia, and Australia has been studied. However, up to now, little research has been carried out on genetic analysis of A. amurensis samples collected in Jiaozhou Bay, impeding the comparative analysis of the genetic evolution relationship of Jiaozhou Bay population with other populations in the globe. Twelve live samples from the starfish outbreak in Jiaozhou Bay in July 2022 and three samples collected in Lianyungang were analyzed. Their mitochondrial genome, ribosomal gene cluster, and multiple universal molecular markers were assembled and analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis based on the mitochondrial genome showed that A. amurensis has high intraspecies genetic diversity. According to the estimation of differentiation time based on the protein-coding gene of mitochondrial genome, the intraspecific genetic differentiation of A. amurensis might occur in 1.7~4.2 Ma. Compared with the mitochondrial genomes, the sequences of the ribosomal gene clusters of A. amurensis show highly intra-species conservation and basically no intraspecific sequence difference was observed, indicating that the mitochondrial genome has a high resolution for A. amurensis genetic diversity. This study constructed a variety of molecular markers of the disaster-causing species of A. amurensis in Jiaozhou Bay for the first time, and in addition, developed high-resolution molecular markers that may facilitate accurate monitoring of the genetic diversity of A. amurensis in Jiaozhou Bay and other sea areas. |
| Key words: Asterias amurensis outbreak genetic evolution Jiaozhou Bay mitochondrion ribosomal gene cluster |
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