| 摘要: |
| 为研究链状裸甲藻所产麻痹性贝类毒素(paralytic shellfish toxins, PST)在翡翠贻贝体内的累积、转化和排出规律, 设置试验组和对照组, 采用链状裸甲藻和中肋骨条藻投喂翡翠贻贝, 开展短期累积(12 h)、长期累积(10 d)和排出(28 d)试验。结果表明: 翡翠贻贝具有较强的毒素累积能力, 内脏团是PST累积的主要部位, PST含量与产毒藻密度呈显著正相关关系。当链状裸甲藻密度为1.0×106 cells/L时, 贻贝内脏团PST含量累积2 h已接近食用贝类毒素安全标准, 累积8 h超标。当产毒藻密度为5.0×105 cells/L时, 贻贝内脏团PST含量累积2 d超标, 累积8 d达到峰值(3 590.4±545.7)μg/kg。贻贝对PST具有累积快排出慢的特点, 内脏团PST含量在排出16 d达标, 排出速率先快后慢。内脏团对PST的累积和排出速率显著高于闭壳肌和其他组织, 闭壳肌和其他组织则无显著差异。PST进入贻贝体内后发生了代谢转化, 贻贝可能将产毒藻中膝沟藻毒素GTX3转化为GTX2, N-磺酰氨甲酰基膝沟藻毒素C2转化为C1, 部分C1转化为脱氨甲酰基膝沟藻毒素2(dcGTX2), 并将高毒的石房蛤毒素(STX)转化为较低毒的脱氨甲酰基石房蛤毒素(dcSTX)。贻贝对dcSTX有较强的累积能力且排出能力较弱, 肝胰腺和肾可能是PST累积的主要部位。该研究可为贝类脱毒与净化、赤潮减灾和水产品质量风险防控提供基础数据和理论依据。 |
| 关键词: 麻痹性贝类毒素(paralytic shellfish toxins, PST) 链状裸甲藻 翡翠贻贝 累积 转化 排出 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20230200025 |
| 分类号:X171 |
| 基金项目:福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项,2020R1013006号;福建省海洋与渔业结构调整专项,2019HYJG07号;福建省海洋服务与渔业高质量发展专项资金项目,FJHY-YYBH-2022-3号。 |
附件 |
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| ACCUMULATION, TRANSFORMATION AND DEPURATION OF PARALYTIC SHELLFISH TOXINS FROM DINOFLAGELLATE GYMNODIMIUM CATENATUM IN MUSSEL PERNA VIRIDIS |
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XU Cui-Ya1,2
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1. Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen 361013, China;2.
2. Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen 361013, China
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| Abstract: |
| To study the accumulation, transformation, and depuration of paralytic shellfish toxins (PST) produced by dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum in green mussel Perna viridis, short-term accumulation (12 h), long-term accumulation (10 d), and depuration (28 d) experiments were designed by feeding P. viridis with G. catenatum and diatom Skeletonema costatum, respectively. Meanwhile, each experiment was divided into experimental group and control group. Results show that the toxin accumulation ability of P. viridis was strong, and the visceral mass was the main tissue of PST accumulation. There was a significant positive correlation between the PST content and the density of G. catenatum. The PST content accumulated in visceral mass of P. viridis in 2 hours was close to the safety standard of edible shellfish toxins and exceeded the standard in 8-h accumulation when the density of G. catenatum was 1.0×106 cells/L. The PST content in visceral mass of P. viridis exceeded the standard in 2 days and reached the peak value (3 590.4±545.7) μg/kg in 8 days when the density of G. catenatum was 5.0×106 cells/L. The accumulation rate of PST was fast and the elimination rate of PST was slow in P. viridis. The content of PST in visceral mass was below the standard after 16 days of elimination, and the elimination rate was first fast and then slow. The accumulation and elimination rate of PST in visceral mass were significantly higher than those of muscle and other tissues, while there was no significant difference between muscle and other tissues. The PST components were transformed metabolically in P. viridis. The GTX3 and C2 of G. catenatum were transformed into GTX2 and C1 in P. viridis, respectively. Besides, parts of C1 and the highly toxic STX were converted into dcGTX2 and less-toxic dcSTX in P. viridis, respectively. Therefore, P. viridis had a strong accumulation and weak excretion capacity for dcSTX, and hepatopancreas and kidney were the main tissues of PST accumulation. The study can provide basic data and theoretical basis for shellfish detoxification and purification, red tide mitigation, and aquatic product quality risk prevention and control. |
| Key words: paralytic shellfish toxins (PST) Gymnodinium catenatum Perna viridis accumulation transformation depuration |
