| 引用本文: | 严峻,徐志进,李铁军,王慧君,张冰妍,钱红.浙江舟山近海仔稚鱼时空动态变化及与环境因子的关系.海洋与湖沼,2023,3(3):799-810. |
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| 浙江舟山近海仔稚鱼时空动态变化及与环境因子的关系 |
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严峻1, 徐志进2, 李铁军1, 王慧君3, 张冰妍4, 钱红4
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1.浙江省海洋水产研究所 浙江 舟山 316021;2.浙江省舟山市水产研究所 浙江 舟山 316111;3.浙江海洋大学 浙江 舟山 316022;4.浙江省海洋生态环境监测中心 浙江 舟山 316021
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| 摘要: |
| 为探明舟山近海海域仔稚鱼丰度的分布、出现概率及与环境因素的综合关系, 进一步研究该海域渔业资源的补充机制, 根据2019年3、4、7、11月在舟山近海海域开展的4个航次仔稚鱼生态调查资料, 研究了舟山近海仔稚鱼的出现概率、群落结构(种类组成及优势种数量)的动态变化, 探讨仔稚鱼群落的季节变化和对环境变化的响应,以及环境变化对仔稚鱼补充量的影响。结果显示:空间上, 调查海区水深范围5~50 m, 仔稚鱼集中分布于水深 10~20 m的近岸河口岛礁区; 时间上的季节变化比较大,春夏季丰度高, 冬季少。GLM模型结果显示:近岸河口型仔稚鱼在近岸出现的概率为0.65~0.95,在近海出现的概率为0.26~0.60; 近海型仔稚鱼在近岸出现的概率为0.12~0.34, 在近海出现的概率为0.32~0.54。仔稚鱼优势种春夏季各出现1种, 秋冬季各出现2种, 全年仔稚鱼优势种有4种。数量分布为:仔稚鱼种类数春季(19种)、夏季(16种)、秋季(10种)、冬季(5种), 具有明显的季节性变化。按种类适温属性划分, 调查海区仅出现暖温性和暖水性两种, 其中暖温性15种(占已知适温类型种类的60%), 暖水性10种(占40%); 按生态类型划分, 主要包括河口型(9种, 36%)、沿岸型(9种, 36%)、近海型(7种, 28%)。研究结果揭示了仔稚鱼丰度的时空分布特征和环境因子之间的关系, 为舟山近海产卵场保护区、资源量化管理等措施提供科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 浙江舟山近海 仔稚鱼 生态类群 动态变化 环境因子 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20221000282 |
| 分类号:Q958; S931 |
| 基金项目:浙江省科技厅公益技术应用项目,LGF19D060002号 |
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| SPATIOTEMPORAL DYNAMICS OF LARVAE AND JUVENILES IN ZHOUSHAN COASTAL WATERS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS |
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YAN Jun1, XU Zhi-Jin2, LI Tie-Jun1, WANG Hui-Jun3, ZHANG Bing-Yan4, QIAN Hong4
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1.Zhejiang Institute of Marine Fisheries, Zhoushan 316021, China;2.Zhejiang Zhoushan Institute of Fisheries, Zhoushan 316111, China;3.Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China;4.Zhejiang Marine Ecology and Environment Monitoring Center, Zhoushan 316021, China
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| Abstract: |
| To explore the distribution, occurrence probability, and relationship to environmental factors on the abundance of larval and juvenile fish in the waters in Zhoushan Islands, East China Sea, and to further study the replenishment mechanism of the fisheries resources in the waters, the dynamic changes of community structure (species composition and number of dominant species) of larval and juvenile fish in Zhoushan offshore waters were studied based on the ecological survey data of larvae and juveniles carried out in Zhoushan coastal waters in March, April, July, and November, 2019. The seasonal changes of larval and juvenile fish communities and their responses to environmental changes, and the effects of environmental changes on the supplement amount of larvae and juveniles were studied. Results show that, spatially, the depth of the surveyed sea area was 5~50 m, the larvae and juveniles were distributed mainly in the offshore estuarine reef area in depth of 10~20 m. The abundance was high in spring and summer, and low in winter. Regression analysis showed that the temperature-salinity combination was an important predictor to the emergence of larvae and juveniles. The model prediction results show that the occurrence probability of inshore larvae and juveniles is 0.65~0.95 and 0.26~0.60; and those of offshore larvae and juveniles is 0.12~0.34 and 0.32~0.54, respectively. There were 1 dominant species in spring and summer, 2 dominant species in autumn and winter, and 4 dominant species in larval and juvenile fish. The number of larval and juvenile fish species were:spring (19 species), summer (16 species), autumn (10 species), winter (5 species), showing obvious seasonal changes. There were only two types of distribution in the investigated sea area:warm-temperate and warm-water. Of the total, 15 were warm-temperate (60%) and 10 were warm-water (40%). The main types included estuarine type (9 species, 36%), followed by coastal type (9 species, 36%), and inshore type (7 species, 28%). This study revealed the relationship between the spatial and temporal distribution of larval and juvenile fish abundance and environmental factors, and provided scientific basis for the protection area of Zhoushan offshore spawning ground and the quantitative management of fishery resources. |
| Key words: Zhoushan offshore waters larval and juvenile fish ecological group dynamic change environmental factors |
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