| 摘要: |
| 为比较星洲红鱼（Singapore red tilapia）和奥尼罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）的生长和肌肉营养特性，实验利用两种鱼的不同体色将其混养在同一池塘中，在相同的环境条件和养殖管理下研究其生长特性，并分析肌肉营养成分。结果表明：两种罗非鱼生长在前60 d无差异，60 d后星洲红鱼的体长、体质量日增长和特定生长率均大于奥尼罗非鱼，且差异显著（P<0.05）。据此得到了星洲红鱼和奥尼罗非鱼的体长（L）、体质量（W）生长与养殖天数（d）的回归方程。星洲红鱼含肉率高于奥尼罗非鱼9.65%（P<0.05），肌肉水分高于奥尼罗非鱼，蛋白质、粗脂肪和灰分含量均低于奥尼罗非鱼，其中脂肪含量差异显著（P<0.05），其他不显著。两种罗非鱼肌肉的氨基酸组成全面，氨基酸组成均符合FAO/WHO的理想模式，除精氨酸含量有差异外，其他氨基酸含量稍有差异但不显著。星洲红鱼和奥尼罗非鱼肌肉EAA/TAA、EAA/NEAA、DAA/TAA和EAAI分别为41.04%和40.95%，70.00%和69.34%，40.71%和39.08%，67.46%和67.08%，差异不显著。星洲红鱼、奥尼罗非鱼肌肉∑SFA和∑UFA分别为28.03%和28.60%，63.87%和61.38%，各脂肪酸含量除C14：0和C18：2外，其他含量差异不显著。研究表明，星洲红鱼和奥尼罗非鱼生长快、营养丰富、食用价值高，是优质淡水鱼类养殖品种，其中星洲红鱼含肉率高，生长快，养殖效益明显。 |
| 关键词: 星洲红鱼(Singapore red tilapia) 奥尼罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus) 生长 肌肉营养评价 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20210700169 |
| 分类号:Q954;Q956;S965 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目，42076107号；福建省科技厅高校产学合作重大项目，2017N5012号；福建省科技特派员后补项目，2021S2001号。 |
附件 |
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| COMPARISON IN GROWTH AND MUSCLE NUTRITION OF SINGAPORE RED TILAPIA AND OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS UNDER SIMULATED ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS |
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LIN Xiang-Ri
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College of Marine Biology, Xiamen Ocean Vocation College, Xiamen 361100, China
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| Abstract: |
| To compare in growth and muscle nutrition of Singapore red tilapia (ST) and Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus♀×O. aureus♂) (ON), two species of tilapia in different body colors were polycultured in the same pond under the same environmental conditions and culture management. Biochemical analysis was performed to compare the meat content and muscle nutrient composition. The results show that there was no difference before the first 60 days in the growth of body length and body weight of the two tilapias. After 60 days, the growth rate of body length, body weight, and specific growth rate (P<0.05) of ST were higher than ON. The regression equations of body length (L), body weight (W) growth, and culture days (d) of ST and ON were established. The meat content had 9.65% more in ST than in ON (P<0.05). The protein, crude fat, and ash content in muscles of ST were lower than those of ON except for water content. The amino acid composition in muscles of the two tilapias was comprehensive, and conformed to ideal mode of FAO/WHO. Except for arginine content, there was no significant difference among the other amino acid contents. EAA/TAA, EAA/NEAA, DAA/TAA and EAAI of ST and ON were 41.04% and 40.95%, 70.00% and 69.34%, 40.71% and 39.08%, 67.46% and 67.08%, respectively, with no significant difference. The contents of ∑SFA and ∑UFA in the muscle of ST and ON were 28.03% and 28.60%, 63.87% and 61.38%, respectively. Except for C14:0 and C18:2, there was no significant difference among other fatty acids. This study indicated that both ST and ON are fast-growing quality freshwater fishes, being featured with strong stress resistance, rich nutrition, and high edible value. ST had higher meat content, faster growth, and shall have greater breeding benefits than those of ON. |
| Key words: Singapore red tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus♀×O. aureus♂) growth evaluation of muscle nutrition |
