| 摘要: |
| 本文以海南省三亚市蜈支洲岛典型珊瑚礁区为研究区域，于2018年8月和11月、2019年1月和4月采用样带法调查浅水区和深水区棘皮动物群落多样性，研究不同季节和深度对棘皮动物群落结构特征的影响，并依此指示珊瑚礁生态系统健康状况和受干扰程度。结果显示，共发现15种棘皮动物，其中优势种有8种，分别为黑海参Holothuria atra、红腹海参Holothuria edulis、黄疣海参Holothuria hilla、绿刺参Stichopus chloronotus、刺冠海胆Diadema setosum、许氏大羽花Comanthina schlegeli、本氏海齿花Comanthus bennetti和吕宋棘海星Echiaster luzohicus。春季棘皮动物种类最多，棘皮动物栖息密度呈现出春夏高、秋冬低的规律。不同水深区域棘皮动物种类组成大致相同，深水区棘皮动物栖息密度高于浅水区，但差异不显著。全年棘皮动物物种丰富度指数、多样性指数和均匀度指数分别为1.2±0.10、2.5±0.12和0.66±0.040。对比研究表明，蜈支洲岛海域棘皮动物种类远多于三亚其他海域，但稍低于南海岛礁（如渚碧礁）海域。根据Shannon-Wiener指数分级评价标准，蜈支洲岛海域棘皮动物平均多样性指数为2.5，介于2与3之间，属于轻度的人为干扰。综上所述，蜈支洲岛海域珊瑚礁生态系统保护效果明显。 |
| 关键词: 棘皮动物 群落特征 多样性 珊瑚岛礁 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20190900174 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金，31760757号，41766005号；海南大学科研启动基金资助项目，KYQD（ZR）1703号。 |
附件 |
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| THE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF ECHINODERMS IN SANDY CORAL REEF AREA IN WUZHIZHOU ISLAND, SANYA, CHINA |
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HUANG Duan-Jie1,2, XU Qiang1,2, LI Xiu-Bao1,2, XUE Ying-Lou1,2, WU Pei-Lin1,2, GAO Fei1,2
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1.State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea, College of Marine Science;2.Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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| Abstract: |
| The diversity of echinoderm community in typical coral reef zone of Wuzhizhou Island, Sanya, China was investigated using the diving-line transect sampling method in August 2018 (summer), November 2018 (autumn), January 2019 (winter), and April 2019 (spring) to understand the variation in the structural characteristics of echinoderm community in different seasons and depths, from which the health status and anthropogenic impacts on the coral reef ecosystem were determined. Fifteen species of echinoderms were identified, of which 8 were dominant:Holothuria atra, Holothuria edulis, Stichopus chloronotus, Diadema setosum, Comanthina schlegeli, Comanthus bennetti, and Echiaster luzohicus. The echinoderms species were the most abundant in the spring. The density of echinoderms was high in spring and summer, but low in autumn and winter. The species compositions of echinoderms in shallow (3-5m) and deep (8-10m) areas were roughly the same. The density of echinoderms in deep water was higher than that in shallow water, but the difference was not significant. The species richness index, diversity index, and evenness index were 1.2±0.10, 2.5±0.12, and 0.66±0.040, respectively. The species of echinoderms in the island was much higher than those of other areas of Sanya city and slightly lower than that in Zhubi Reef of the South China Sea. As the Shannon-Wiener index indicated, the average diversity index in the Wuzhizhou Island waters was between 2 and 3, indicating slight human disturbance. Therefore, recent protection to the reefs ecosystem in the island waters has been proved effective and obvious. |
| Key words: echinoderms community characteristics diversity coral reefs |
