| 引用本文: | 吴金浩,杜静,张玉凤,吴景,王召会,田甲申,宋伦.海水中苯系物的衰减及其微生物降解的贡献.海洋与湖沼,2018,49(6):1243-1250. |
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| 海水中苯系物的衰减及其微生物降解的贡献 |
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吴金浩1,2, 杜静1,2, 张玉凤1,2, 吴景1,2, 王召会1,2, 田甲申1,2, 宋伦1,2
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1.辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院 大连 116023;2.辽宁省海洋环境监测总站 大连 116023
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| 摘要: |
| 以海水中7种苯系物为研究目标，利用吹扫捕集-气相色谱质谱分析方法准确测定海水中苯系物的含量，研究不同环境条件下海水中苯系物的挥发、降解等衰减过程，探讨海洋微生物对苯系物降解贡献率。结果表明，7种苯系物性质相似，在不同保存条件下，海水中苯系物各组分浓度随时间的变化规律基本一致。海水中苯系物的衰减过程受温度影响明显，室温23℃条件下比低温4℃条件下海水中苯系物衰减更快，低温4℃时苯系物衰减完毕时间约125h，而室温23℃时则为24h。天然海水中间二甲苯、邻二甲苯相对更容易挥发或降解，而苯乙烯、苯则相对滞后。敞口保存下天然海水中苯系物浓度的降低更多是挥发造成的，微生物降解贡献率相对较小；密封保存下以微生物厌氧降解为主，其对苯系物降解贡献率明显高于敞口保存，累计可达83%，室温23℃下微生物降解苯系物时间更短，但低温4℃下微生物降解苯系物更完全。在适宜的温度和密封条件下天然海水中微生物降解对于海水中苯系物的去除将起到更加重要的作用。 |
| 关键词: 海水 苯系物 衰减过程 微生物 贡献率 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20180100015 |
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| 基金项目:辽宁省自然科学基金指导计划项目，201602409号；国家海洋公益性行业专项，201205012-7号。 |
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| ATTENUATION OF BENZENE SERIES IN SEAWATER AND THE CONTRIBUTION OF MICROBIAL DEGRADATION |
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WU Jin-Hao1,2, DU Jing1,2, ZHANG Yu-Feng1,2, WU Jing1,2, WANG Zhao-Hui1,2, TIAN Jia-Shen1,2, SONG Lun1,2
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1.Liaoning Ocean and Fishery Science Research Institute, Dalian 116023, China;2.Liaoning ocean environment monitoring station, Dalian 116023, China
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| Abstract: |
| Based on the purge and trap gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, the concentration rate of benzene series in seawater was determined to analyze the evaporation and degradation of benzene series and the contribution rate of microbial degradation under different environmental conditions. The results show that the properties of seven types of benzene series were similar. Under different preservation conditions, the temporal variation trends of the benzene series in seawater were largely the same. The volatilization and degradation of benzene series in seawater were significantly influenced by temperature. The concentration of benzene series in natural seawater was decreased much faster at room temperature (23℃) than at 4℃. And the decay time of benzene series was about 125h at 4℃ and only 24h at room temperature (23℃). The m-xylene and o-xylene were relatively easier to volatilize or degrade in natural seawater than styrene and benzene. The attenuation of benzene series in natural seawater was caused mainly by their volatilization in open preservation, and the aerobic microbial degradation was relatively small. However, the anaerobic microbial degradation was the main factor to the attenuation of benzene series in sealed preservation. In addition, the contribution rate of microbial degradation, which can reach up to 83%, was significantly higher than that in the open preservation. Under the sealed preservation, the time of microbial degradation of benzene series at room temperature (23℃) was shorter and the degradation of benzene series was more complete at 4℃. Therefore, anaerobic microbial degradation in natural seawater would play an important role in the removal of benzene series in seawater under suitable temperature and anaerobic conditions. |
| Key words: sea water benzene series attenuation microorganism contribution rate |