| 摘要: |
| 1998 年12 月—1999 年1 月在南极普里兹湾采用现场培养的方法对大、中型桡足类优势种尖角似哲水蚤( Calanoides acutus ) 、戈氏长腹水蚤( Metridia gerlachei ) 和巨锚哲水蚤( Rhincalanus gigas ) 进行了实验研究, 同时根据浮游动物垂直拖网的样品分析了它们的种群结构。结果表明, 在实验中, C. acutus 和M. gerlachei 的平均产卵量分别为13.3(5—49) 和5( 4—12) 个/ 雌/ 天; R. gigas 没有产卵。随后对获得的卵进行连续观察, 所有的卵均没有孵化。通过标本分析发现, C. acutus 夏季的种群结构为双峰态, 尤其是陆冰缘站, 新生个体主要是CI期桡足幼体, 而越冬个体包括CIV、CV 和雌性成体。R. gigas 的种群结构特征不明显, 新生个体为12 月末发现的大量集中分布的无节幼体。M. gerlachei 表现出和C. acutus 相似的丰度分布特性, 但其种群结构主要是成体和晚期幼体。 |
| 关键词: 普里兹湾, 桡足类, 种群结构, 产卵量, 生活史 |
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| 基金项目:中国科学院九五重大项目A,K2851- A1- 205 号; 国家科技攻关资助项目, 98- 927- 01- 02 号 |
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| FECUNDITY AND POPULATION STRUCTURE OF DOMINANT COPEPOD SPECIES IN PRYDZ BAY (ANTARCTICA) IN SUMMER |
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ZHANG Guang-Tao, SUN Song
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Institute of Oceanology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| On the voyage of CHINARE-XV, three dominant copepod species Calanoides acutus, Rhincalanus gigas and Metridia gerlachei were incubated on board for egg-production and hatching success estimation during the austral summer of Antarctica. 13.3 ( 5—49) and 5 ( 4—12) eggs? female-1?day-1 on average were obtained, respectively, for C. acutus and M. gerlachei, and none for R . gigas. No egg was hatched successfully. The age structure of C. acutus was found bimodal. Special attention was paid to the population found beneath the ice, which includes two separate cohort, newly-generated cohort totally CI ( 26% of total number) and over-winter cohort comprising CIV ( 10%) , CV ( 26%) and females ( 38%) . Rhincalanus gigas had a more disperse age structure; nauplii was the only composition that can be recognized as the newly-born generation, and no spawn was observed. Metridia gerlachei comprised only late copepod stages, although it had a similar distribution pattern to Calanoides acutus. |
| Key words: Prydz Bay, Copepod, Population structure, Egg-laying, Life cycle |
