| 摘要: |
| 天津厚蟹(Helice tientsinensis Rathbun)广布于我国广东至辽东半岛，穴居于沿岸或河口的泥滩上；厚蟹数量大，是沿岸渔民的佐餐佳品。在长江口及邻近水域，由于它的大眼幼体常大量混杂在捕捞的河蟹蟹苗中，因此，如何区别天然蟹苗中混杂的天津厚蟹等大眼幼体，是养殖生产亟待解决的问题。作者采集天津厚蟹的抱卵亲蟹，在实验室内进行孵化、培育，对各期幼体的形态特征做了详细描述，并和中华绒螯蟹相应的各期幼体进行比较，以期从根本上解决生产实践中的问题，同时也为基础理论积累资料。 |
| 关键词: 天津厚蟹 幼体 发育特征 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
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| THE COMPLETE LARVAL DEVELOPMENT OF HELICE TIENTSINENSIS RATHBUM |
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Wang Liqing
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Shanghai Fisheries University
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| Abstract: |
| Helice tientsinensis is widely distributed in coastal provinces of China. It lives in caves on the beaches of estuaries and occurs in large numbers. Its larvae naturally occur and usually mix with those of Eriocheir sinensis in the mouth of Changjiang River and the neighbouring waters. How to distinguish them from each other is important for crab culture using E.sinensis larvae captured from natural waters.
This paper deals detailedly with the complete larvae development of H.tientsinensis reared in the laboratory. The present species passes through five zoeal stages before matamorphasis to the megalopal stage attained about 21 days after hatching. The culture was carried out at 20-24℃, salinity 15 and 200-400 lx photo intensity. Morphological characteristics of each larval stage of H.tientsinensis are compared with those of E.sinensi.
The significant difference between the zoeae of H.tientsinensis and of E.sinensis is that the dorsal, rostral and lateral spines on the carapace are smooth in the former while those in the latter have denticles. Besides, the numbers of setae on the maxillule and maxilla of zoeae of the former are less than that of the latter.
Megalopas of the two species can be briefly distinguished as follows. Firstly, there are two indistinctly rounded lobs on the antero-lateral margins of the E.sinensis carapace while there is none on those of H.tientaiensis. Secondly, pereiopod 2-4 each with 3-4 ventral teeth on dactylus of E.sinensis; 3-4 ventral spines on that of H.tientsinensis. Thirdly, the expos of pleopods 1-5 of E.inensis with 23, 21, 21, 19, 12 long natatory plumose setae; with 18, 17, 17, 16, 10 long natatory plumose setae on that of H.tientsinensi. |
| Key words: larvae development morphological characteristics |
