| 摘要: |
| 海气之间交换系数的研究报道很多(Anderson,1981; Hicks,1972),但由于观测时间、地点及所取资料的不同,所得结果也不相同。通常认为,风应力系数CD=1.5*10-3,热量CH和水汽CE的交换系数近似地等于CD(Businger,1975),其可能误差为±50%。Deardorff(1968)认为交换系数依赖于边界层的稳定度。而 Bunker(1976)根据他的理论给出了大西洋不同温度层结、不同风速范围下的海气交换系数。Frieche和Schmidt(1976)的实测资料分析表明,交换系数在不稳定条件下比稳定条件下要大得多,赵永平等(1982)也得出了相同的结论。Kondo(1975)在实验的基础上，依据稳定与不稳定条件下的廊线给出了交换系数CD,CH,CE的表达式,其结果与在1974-1975年气团变性实验(AMTEX)中Murty和Nitta等(1976)用热收支法计算的结果及风洞实验结果相一致。
渤海、黄海和东海紧邻大陆,受典型的季风气候影响,夏季的逆温和冬季冷空气爆发产生的强烈不稳定对海气之间的交换系数产生很大影响,因此了解本海区特定条件下非绝热交换系数的量级、变化及分布是十分必要的。本文根据渤海、黄海和东海区实测的水文气象资料,利用 Kondo的计算方法计算了该海区冬、夏季非绝热条件下的动量(CD)、热量(CH)、水汽(CE)交换系数和海面热收支,并探讨了海面热平衡的简化计算方法。 |
| 关键词: 渤海、黄海、东海、海汽交换系数、动量、热量、水汽 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:中国科学院海洋研究所调查研究报告第2165号 |
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| A PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS ON AIR-SEA BULK COEFFICIENTS OVER THE BOHAI SEA. YELLOW SEA AND EAST CHINA SEA |
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Chen Yongli, Zhao Yongping, Yang Liansu
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Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica
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| Abstract: |
| Using 1974-1982 hydrometeorological data on the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and the East China Sea.and the bulk method of Kondo,the diabatic bulk transfer coefficients in summer and winter were estimated and diatributive features of bulk transfer coefficients for sensible and latent heat and momentum fluxes at the sea surface in these areas were analyzed. The results showed that the bulk transfer coefficients in winter were greater than those in summer and also suggested that 103CD≈1.46 to 1.53；103CH≈1.25,103CH≈1.16 in the Bohai Sea;103CE≈1.25 to 1.36 in summer,and that 103CD≈1.62 to 1.69;103CH≈1.41-1.46;and 103CE≈1.46 in winter.The heat balance over the sea surface was approximated by empirical formulae. |
| Key words: Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea,AIR-SEA BULK COEFFICIENTS |
