| 摘要: |
| 本文阐述了长江口及附近海区鱼类的种类组成状况及其区系特点,为“三峡工程对河口生物及渔业资源的影响”的研究提供了基础科学资料。
中国科学院海洋研究所于1985年9月至1986年8月在长江口区开展了渔业资源的试捕调查,调查范围为东经121°10′-124°00′,北纬30°20'-32°00′,总调查面积21000平方公里,共设常规站30个,加设站7个(图1)。用150匹马力1)底层双拖网渔船(网周长140m,网目250mm,囊网网目40mm),每月调査一次,每站拖网1小时。拖网时同步观测站水深、温度和盐度。所获鱼类全部进行分类鉴定,并分种测定尾数、重量和长度。全年共获鱼类样品914534尾,重12359.67kg,经鉴定共165种。从1985年9,10月沿岸定置网鱼样品中又获另外2种,故全年共获鱼类167种。 |
| 关键词: 长江口、鱼类区系 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国科学院海洋研究所调查研究报告第2067号 |
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| STUDIES ON THE FISHFAUNA OF THE CHANGJIANG RIVER ESTUARY AND ITS ADJACENT WATERS |
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Tian Mingcheng, Shen Youshi, Sun Baoling
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Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica
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| Abstract: |
| A total of 20 orders, 80 families and 222 species of fishes have been recorded from the Changjiang River Estuary area. Among them, 167 species, belonging to 18 orders and 68 families were obtained in this survey during Sept. 1985 to Aug 1986(attached list ). Based on this data,bout 39 fish species are relatively important (IRI=0.1) and they are mostly of the Engraulidae, Sciaenidae and Stromateidae families. The abundant freshwater fish is Leiocassis longirostris only.
The 176 fish species can be classified into five ecological categories,based for the most part on salinity tolerance. There were freshwater fishes(10 species), anadromous and catadromous fishes (5 species), brackish fishes(10 species ); a large number of species are marine fishes,which include two groups: the euryhaline nearshore fishes and coastal fishes. 15 species of fishes occurring around the year can be called “resident”; the others are all seasonal migratory species and can be referred to as “periodics”.In periodics the warm-season species consisting warm-temperate element and warm-season element are dominant both in number of species
and abundence; the cold-season species consisting of a few cold-temperate element and some warm-temperate element are fewer.
This study shows that the Changjiang River Estuary area is an importent nursery ground for juvenile of many fish species. |
| Key words: FISHFAUNA,CHANGJIANG RIVER ESTUARY |
