| 摘要: |
| 在“三峡工程对长江河口区生态与环境的影响和对策”的研究课题中,底栖生物的研究包括两部分内容。对活动性较大的经济无脊椎动物,是与游泳生物结合进行底拖网试捕调查,将另文论述。本文主要研究底栖生物中的底内动物(infauna)的生态特点。
本文研究根据的是1985年6月-1986年1月和1986年3-6月逐月调查所得的318个定量样品。海上取样以取样面积为0.1㎡的采泥器毎站取样两次作为一个样品,通过0.5mm的筛网冲洗,挑出标本并称重计数。 |
| 关键词: 长江口区、底栖生物、三峡工程 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国科学院海洋研究所调查研究报告第2067号 |
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| BENTHIC FAUNA IN THE CHANGJIANG RIVER ESTUARY AND PREDICTION OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE THREE GORGES PROJECT ON IT |
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Liu Ruiyu(J.Y.Liu), Xu Fengshan, Sun Daoyuan, Cui Yuheng, Wang Hongfa
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Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica
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| Abstract: |
| Based on the data of physical, chemical, geological and biological oceanographic factors and living resources obtained by Changjiang River Estuary Multidisciplinary Survey carried out in 1985-86, the changes in species diversity, abundance and distribution pattern were analysed and predicted. The change of water discharge in middle and lower reaches of the river after the Three Gorges Reservoir went into operation and the decrease of runoff in estuarine area (16% or 42% decreased in October for 150m or 180m damb height respectively) and the resulted change (increase) of estuarine water salinity will change the distribution area of most epifauna--nektobenthos which will expand their distribution area toward the coastline and river mouth. But the extent of influence will be less in rich water year than in poor water year. The increase of discharge in dry season, January-April, of 2,000-2,500m3/s will decrease the water temperature in the estuarine area and hence postpone the spawning time of certain species; but it will benefit the reproduction and recruitment of benthic population.
The decrease of silt discharge to the estuarine area will increase the transparency of estuarine water, its primary productivity and the flux of organic detritus, which will benefit the herbivores and deposit feeders in benthic community. In gereral, the decrease of silt discharge into the estuarine area will change the distribution pattern of sediments and the environment, and finally the species composition and distribution pattern of benthic fauna, particularly the infauna, as well as the spawning and nursing ground of certain dominant species, especially economically important shrimps and crabs migrated into estuarine waters for feeding or reproduction. But the process of its change will be comparatively slow, not easily observable. |
| Key words: THREE GORGES PROJECT,CHANGJIANG RIVER ESTUARY,BENTHIC FAUNA |
