| 摘要: |
| 中国首次南大洋考察，自1984年12月至1985年2月在南极半岛西北部海域，即南纬61°11′－66°49′，西经55°06′－69°19′，包括南设得兰群岛周围海域和阿德莱德岛西北海域，进行了底栖生物调查，共获得大约500号苔藓虫样品；大部分样品是由底拖网(三角网)获得的定性标本，少数为大洋采泥器(0.25㎡)获得的定量标本。
本文系根据此次考察获得的420多号唇口类苔藓虫标本系统研究整理而成。在所获样品中仅有78号样品属于栉口目和环口目，约有25种，将另行研究发表。
中国首次南大洋考察所获得的唇口类苔藓虫按群体形态可分为10个类型(colonial types, zoarial types): I. 被覆型(encrusting)，共22种；II.分胞型(celleporiform),共5种；III.藻苔虫型(flustriform)，共7种；IV.草苔虫型(buguliform)，共19 种；V.壳苔虫型(eschoriform)，仅1种； VI.索带苔虫型(vinculariform)，共六种； VII. 胞苔虫型(cellariiform)，共16种；VIII.网孔苔虫型(reteporiform)，共8种； IX.链胞苔虫型(catenicelliform)，仅1种；X.角胞苔虫型(adeoniform)，共有11种。现有标本仅Smittina obicullata 群体属壳苔虫型。有的种，如被覆类型的 Osthimosia eatonensis 和 Arachnopusia monoceros，有时也能形成单层管状群体绕圆柱形基质生长。按群体生长方式可分为被覆型(encrusting type)和直立型(erect type)两类，但某些群体介于中间状态，如壳苔虫型、索苔虫型、角胞苔虫型和网孔苔虫型的某些种类，其群体最始端部分被覆在基质上，而群体绝大部分则脱离基质直立生长，其生长方式属于被覆—直立(亚直立)型。从表1可知，现有种类群体绝大多数系直立型(59种)；完全被覆型的种类只有19种，匍匐(松散被覆)的种类2种，被覆一直立(或亚直立)的种类16种。 |
| 关键词: 南极半岛西北部水域、唇口目、苔藓虫 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国科学院海洋研究所调查研究报告第1547号 |
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| ON THE CHEILOSTOME BRYOZOANS FROM THE NORTHWEST WATERS OFF THE ANTARCTIC PENINSULA |
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Liu Xixing1, Hu Yuemei2
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1.Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica;2.Second Institute of Oceanography, SOA
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| Abstract: |
| The present article is the report on the Cheilostome Bryozoans collected by .the China’s First Southern Ocean Expedition during 1984-1985 to the waters off the northwest of the Antarctic Peninsula, ranging from 60°S。(latitude) to 66°55′S. (latitude), from 55°W. (longitude) to 69°30′W. (longitude). A total of 500 bryozoan samples from 19 stations was obtained, 420 of which belong to the Order Cheilostomata.
The 96 species of the Antarctic Cheilostome Bryozoans described in the present report are grouped into ten colonial forms (table 1 ), namely: encrusting(22 species), celleporiform (5 species}, flustriform (7 species), buguliform ( 19 species), eschariform (1 species), vinculariform ( 6 species), cellariform ( 16 species), reteporiform ( 8 species), catenicelliform (l species) and adeoniform ( 11 species). According to their growth mode, the 96 species of the Cheilostomes are divided into three groups; namely: exclusively encrusting(19 species), exclusively erect (59 species, and intermediate between the two groups (18 species). The latter group includes 16 suberect species which encrust proximlly on the substracta and grow upright distally detached from the?substracta (some authors consider them to be of erect type) and 2 loosely recumbent species (they are considered to be encrusting type by some authors).
?A list of the 96 species and their colonial form and colony growth mode is given. Names ?of the species found from each of 19 stations are also listed (table 2). Descriptions are provided to those species? which .are for the first. time recorded in the waters? off the northwest of the Antarctic Peninsula, and figures and discussions are given for every? species? arranged systematically. Among? the 96 species, four have not yet been determined because of the imperfection of their preservation, namely: Notoplites sp., Camptoplites sp. Cornucopina sp. 1 and Cornucopina sp.2, fifteen species are found to be new to science, and two new genera are ?established:. The descriptions of the new taxa and the four undetermined species are given below. |
| Key words: CHEILOSTOME BRYOZOANS , NORTHWEST WATERS OFF THE ANTARCTIC PENINSULA |
