| 摘要: |
| 海南岛及其邻近海域的珊瑚藻类，特别是无节珊瑚藻，除曾呈奎教授在1937年报告过产于我国海南岛等地的巨胞宽珊藻Mastophora marcrocarpa Mont.［宽珊藻M. rosea(C. Ag.) Setch.的同物异名］外，基本上尚无报道，更谈不上对这一大类海藻细致地进行形态解剖学的观察研究。近年来，作者对中国科学院海洋研究所于1957-1965年，1973-1976年，1980-1982年以及曾呈奎教授于1933-1934年在本海区调查采集的标本进行整理，并着手这方面的系统研究工作，有关结果将陆续发表。
本文报道产于海南岛和硇洲岛的十种二型无节珊瑚藻．其中比较难得的是，在海南岛几个地区都发现了现代存活的古石枝藻属的化石种类——红古石枝藻Archaeolithothamnium erythraeum (Rothpl.) Fosl.[=红孢石藻 Sporolithon erythreaum (Rothpl.) Kylin］，这在我国尚属首次报道。其余九种中，有四种，即瑰红中叶藻 Mesophyllum erubescens (Fosl.) Lemoine ，拟中叶藻标准变型 Mesophyllum simulans (Fosl.) Lemoine f. typica (Fosl.)，拟中叶藻卷皱变型M. simulans (Fosl.) Lemoine f. crispescens (Fosl.)Lemoine ，微凹石叶藻Lithophyllum kotschyanum(Unger)Fosl 摩鹿加石叶藻 Lithophyllum moluccense Fosl.，作者除在 Common Seaweeds of China一书中已作初步报道外，本文对其产地和形态解剖学特征作了详细补充；另有四种，即水石藻 Hydrolithon reinboldii (Weber-van Bosse et Fosl.) Fosl. ，小石孔藻 Lithoporella melobesioides Fosl. ，太平洋小石孔藻 Lithoporella pacifica (Heydr.) Fosl. ，本文对其在海南岛和硇洲岛的分布和形态特征等与同种西沙群岛标本作了一些比较观察；本文还对宽珊藻 Mastophora rosea (C. Ag.) Setch. 的解剖特征作了补充描述。 |
| 关键词: 无节珊瑚藻 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国科学院海洋研究所调查研究报告第1095号 |
|
| STUDIES ON THE CRUSTOSE CORALLINE ALGAE OF THE HAINAN ISLAND AND ITS VICINITY Ⅰ |
|
Zhou Jinhua, Zhang Derui
|
|
Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica
|
| Abstract: |
| In the present paper, 10 species and 2 forms of the crustose coralline algae from the Hainan and Naozhou Islands，Guangdong Province, are reported together with a study of their morphology. The specimens used for this study were collected by the members of the Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica during 1957-1965, 1973-1976, 1980-1982, and by Prof, C. K. Tseng in 1933-1934. Among them, Mastophora rosea (C. Ag.) Setch. (or as Mastophora macrocarpa Mont.) was already recorded from Hainan I. and Dongsha Is. of Guangdong Provincer[44] and Taiwan Province [8]; the other four species and 2 forms, i.e., Mesophyllum erubescens (Fosl.) Lemoine, Mesophyilum simulans (Fosl.) Lemoine f. typica (Fosl.) Lemoine, M. simulans (Fosl.) Lemoine f. crispescens (Fosl.) Lemoine, Lithophyllum kotschyanum (Unger) Fosl. and Lithophyllum moluccense Fosl. were briefly described for the first time in Common Seaweeds of China[49] recently by the present authors; Hydrolithon reinboldii (W. v. Bosse et Fosl.) Fosl., Lithoporella melobesioides Fosl., Lithoporella pacifica (Heydr.) Fosl. and Porolithon onkodes (Heydr.) Fosl. are compared with the related species from the Xisha Is.The last one, living form of Archaeolithothamnium erythraeum (Rothpl.) Fosl. [ = Sporolithon erythraeum (Rothpl.) Kylin] found in the Hainan I. is new to China, and most of its sporangia are cruciate and some zonate, they are arranged in rather loose sori and generally in several layers. The “ cover cells" characterized by all the members of both genera，Archaeolithothamnium and Lithothamnium, are clearly present in the Hainan specimens of Archaeolithothamnium erythraeum.
The argument has long existed among some phycologists on the generic name, Archaeolithothamnium or Sporolithon. In China, 4 fossil species of the genus Archaeolithothamnium had already been found among the late Cretaceous and the early Tertiary calcareous algae distributed in the Qomolangma district of the Himalayas[1], and now, its living species, A. erythraeum, was also collected from the Hainan l. We think it is rather reassonable and logical to use a common generic name for all members of a common genus whether they are fossils or living forms, and not that Archaeolithothamnium only for the fossils while Sporolithon for the livings. |
| Key words: CRUSTOSE CORALLINE ALGAE |
