| 摘要: |
| 贻贝(Mytilus edulis L.)是一种冷水性双壳类软体动物，它在我国沿岸分布的南限是胶州湾，但仅见于港内码头及船底上，且数量不多。
1958年青岛市水产局、原青岛市海水养殖场和中国科学院海洋研究所等单位曾一起自大连和烟台移贻贝苗至青岛试养，次年养殖架上也曾有少量幼苗附着，但未能大量繁殖起来。1971年后胶南县海水养殖试验场及青岛市第二海水养殖场等先后进行数十亩乃至数百亩移苗养殖，附苗量虽有所增长，但直至1974年仍缺乏生产意义。这种情况引起我们的思考:胶州湾贻贝苗源能否大量发展？它的限制因素是什么？
1972年至1973年，我们与烟台地区海水养殖试验场等单位曾对烟台沿岸贻贝苗源进行调查研究，确认当时烟台苗种产量不高的主要原因是附着基不足，其次是亲贝不足，据此试验成功了“废旧草绠采苗法”。之后，随着采苗器材的增加及养殖面积的不断扩大，烟台芝罘湾已发展成为一个较好的苗场，通常可供万亩以上生产用苗。这个经验对我们开发胶州湾的苗源很有启发。
1975年胶南县在胶州湾大力推广“废旧草绠采苗法”，收割海带后保留废旧海带架两万台采贻贝苗， 1976年进一步扩大贻贝养殖面积，继续留绠采苗。我们在青岛市水产局及胶南县水产局等单位的协助下，于1975年9月及1976年8-9月，对胶州湾内及湾口(青岛前海)留绠采苗的情况进行了调查，这些调查资料即为本文的主要依据。 |
| 关键词: 贻贝 胶州湾 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国科学院海洋研究所调查研究报告第736号 |
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| THE DEVELOPMENT OF SEED MUSSEL RESOURCES IN JIAOZHOU BAY, SHANDONG PROVINCE, CHINA |
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Zhang Fusui, Lou Zikang, Ma Jianghu, Yu Shuoen, Liu Xiangsheng, Li Shuying
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Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica
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| Abstract: |
| Mytilus edulis L. is a coldwater bivalve mollusc. The southern limit of its geographical distribution along the China coast is Jiaozhou Bay where it is commonly found only on harbour wharves or on ships.
Since 1958, the Institute of Oceanology. Academia Sinica and the Qingdao Mariculture Station repeatedly transplanted seed mussels collected from Yantai (Shandong Province) and Dalian (Liaoning Province) to Qingdao for experiment culture, but failed finally in their efforts to propagate them.
Owing to the mass culture that was constant1y expanding in 1975 and 1976, the use of waste ropes discarded after the harvesting of Laminaria as spat collectors was widely popularized in Jiaonan County, as a result of which there was a great increase in the amount of spats collected. Investigations showed that during 1974-1976, the amount of spats collected from the various culture grounds annually increased many times, even to tens of times (Tab. 2) From Tab. 3 it can be seen that by 1975， the number of spats collected amounted to 400 million, and by 1976 to 2900 million. |
| Key words: MUSSEL JIAOZHOU BAY |
