| 摘要: |
| 角藻是甲藻门、甲藻纲、多甲藻目、角藻科的一个大属,在世界上已记录约120种,除个别种外,都是海产,主要分布在热带大洋及其附属海域。它们中的大多数对环境条件要求相当严格,因此其区系分布和生态特点在海洋学上具有重要意义。
截至目前,已发表的一些世界大洋的角藻分类和生态报告,除印度洋调査外,其余大都未涉及其边缘海域。在国内,曾报道渤海、厦门和海南岛水域的角藻32种,其调査区或在内海或距岸较近。西沙、中沙群岛海域的角藻则尚未见记载。
随着我国海洋调査范围向东部和南部外海发展,我们采到许多角藻标本。本文根据1974年5-6月和1975年3-4月,在西沙、中沙群岛及其附近海域(15°28'-17°30′N,111°10′-114°50′E)42个测站上,用网目为68平方微米的小型浮游生物网,自水底至水表垂直拖网所获得的材料,先报告角藻31种,其中有20种和4変种是我国初次记录(包括新订正的一个变种),其余种类以后陆续报道。
在西沙、中沙群岛海域的角藻中,除极少数可见于温带外,绝大多数都是热带海域的习见种;还有圆头形角藻(Ceratium gravidum Gourrct)、剑锋角藻(C. incisum (Karst.)(?rg)、曲肘角藻(C. geniculatum(Lemm.)Cleve)等世界罕见的狭热带性种,锥形角藻(C. schroeteri Schr?der)、梭角藻针状变种(C. fusus var.seta(Ehr.)J?rg)、偏转角藻(C.deflexum(Kof.)J?rg.)、毕氏角藻(C. bigelowii Kofoid)等热带印度-西太平洋特有种，以及深水产的嗜阴性物种,如脑形角藻(C.cephalotum (Lemm.)J?rg.)、长头形角藻(C. praelongum (Lemm.) Kofoid ex J?rg)等。它们分别代表着西沙、中沙群岛海域生物地理学和海洋生态学的特点。
本属有些种的形态变化很大,无论在文献或我们的标本中都出现许多这种现象。因此在本文中对一些多型种标本进行了详细测量,以便与其近缘种比较。J?rgensen曾提出本属的分类演化系统, Sournia对此也进行过讨论。目前我们对本属全部种类的形态和生态变异认识还不全面,故本文对每亚属内的物种暂按种名字母顺序排列描述,以后再进一步讨论其演化系统。 |
| 关键词: 西沙、中沙群岛 角藻 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国科学院海洋研究所调查研究报告第596号 |
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| ON SOME CERATIA IN THE WATERS AROUND THE XISHA ISLANDS AND THE ZHONGSHA ISLANDS, GUANGDONG PROVINCE. CHINA. |
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Guo Yujie (Kuo Yuchieh)1, Ye Jiasong2, Zhou Hanqiu1
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1.Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica;2.South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica
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| Abstract: |
| We have so far known approximatly 120 species in the Genus Ceratium. Most of them have been found only in the warm seas, they are importent members in tropical phytoplankton community as well as in that of Xisha and Zhongsha regions.Their habits adapt them to difinite range, so that some speies have usualy been used as good indicators for certain sea current or water mass.
During the periods of May to June of 1974 and Mareh to April of 1975, we had collected a lot of phytoplankton samples from the Xisha and Zhongsha Islands including their adjacent regions (15°28′N-17°30′N,111°10′E-114°50′E) by means of a Juday Net (its mesh size is 68 μ2), these are the materials which the present study was based on. In this paper 31 spcies of the Genus Ceratium are dealt with, of which 20 species and 4 varieties are recorded for first time from our country, and 1 variety is emended. Most of these species are familiar in the warm seas, bu tsome of them, such as Ceratium cephalotum, C incisum, C geniculatum, are stenothermal species, which are very rare in the world oceans. C. schroederi, C. fusus var. seta. C. deflexum and C.bigelowii are tropical Indo-pacific species, showing the biogeographical and marine ecological characteristics of the Xisha and Zhongsha areas. |
| Key words: Ceratium XISHA ISLANDS ZHONGSHA ISLANDS |
