| 摘要: |
| 从海洋物质循环的观点来看,异养细菌在分解有机物质和无机化过程中起着极重要的作用。从海洋食物链的角度来看,分解各种类型有机物而得以增殖的异养细菌自身也是海洋原生动物、浮游动物及底栖动物的营养源。异养细菌在海洋生态系中占有极重要的位置。对海洋中某些细菌的代谢活动与其他海洋生物之间的相互关系的研究日益受到普遍的重视。
海洋异养细菌的生态分布资料已有不少报道。但至今尚未有人发表过东海大陆架海域海洋微生物生态调查的报告。东海大陆架海域江河交汇人海,大陆对海洋的影响极为突出,水文和底质情况复杂,水产资源丰富,因而特别富有多样化的有机物来源。调查和了解这一海域中异养细薗生态分布规律,并研究其参与物质转化过程的特异性,不仅有助于深入研究海洋生态学问题,而且对于阐述东海大陆架的特点也极有价值。本文着重讨论异养细菌在东海大陆架的生态分布特征及菌群组成的特点。 |
| 关键词: 异养细菌 生态分布 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国科学院海洋研究所调查研究报告第544号 |
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| ECOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION OF HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA IN THE CONTINENTAL SHELF OF EAST CHINA SEA |
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Chen Dou, Qian Zhenru, Wang Zhimin, Shen Shize, Yang Zhaohui
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Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica
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| Abstract: |
| Through 1961-1973 more than 100 microbiological stations had been set up for studying the ecological distribution of heterotrophic bacteria in continental shelf of the East China Sea (28-32°N, 122-124°E). Samples were collected from bottom muds and sea waters in different depths. Heterotrophic bacterial population in sea water were counted by incubating the membrane filter on nutritional sea water medium.The number of heterotrophie bacterial colonies growing on the membrane filter ranged from several to hundreds per 40 ml sea water. The result of our investigation showed that the density of bacterial population in sea water samples collected from the area near the coast and estuary was generally higher, but the higher density of bacterial population had also been found in some samples collected from the area farther south,i.e. the open sea. It is interesting to note that these samples characterized by increasing bacterial population were regularly linked together and concentrated in some limited zones. In this case the distribution features of heterotrophic baeteria ean be used as an indicator for the dynamic distribution of some kinds of organic matter.According to the result of microbiological investigation, the hydrological structure in this area of East China Sea are more complieated than in the North.
About 1300 strains of heterotrophic bacteria were isolated as pure cultures from the sea water and sediments. It was found that the biochemical reactions of these isolates are more active than that of isolates from open sea. All isolates were classified according to Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. Most of them belong to the genera: Pseudomonas, Vibrio, Aeromonas, Alcaligenes, Caulobacter, Flavobacterium,Micrococcus, Bacillus, Brevibacterium, Arthrobacter and Corynebacterium.We found that the Bacillus strains were the dominant bacteria and widely distributed in the sediments of continental shelf. It is our opinion that the Bacillus strains can be used as an indicating microorganism for studying the sediments of continental shelf.According to the result of our study we believe. that this investigated area of East China Sea has been under the serious influence of the continent. |
| Key words: ECOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA |
