| 摘要: |
| 软体动物帘蛤科的蛤仔属Genus Ruditapes在中国近海发现有两种。一种是菲律宾蛤仔Ruditapes philippinarum (Adams et Reeve)，另一种是杂色蛤仔R. variegata (Sowerhy)。菲律宾蛤仔在我国沿海分布广，天然产量很大，是我国水产捕捞和养殖的重要贝类。
十多年来，国内对这两种蛤仔的鉴别以及属名、种名的采用都存在混乱现象。归纳起来有以下三个问题:1.我国的蛤仔，特别是黄渤海沿岸的蛤仔是一种还是两种; 2.菲律宾蛤仔和杂色蛤仔在我国的分布情况怎样; 3.这两种蛤仔的外部和内部形态有什么区别。
针对上述三个问题，我们从外部和内部(组织切片)形态学的研究，对菲律宾蛤仔和杂色蛤仔进行比较，搞清了这两种蛤仔的主要区别和它们在我国沿海的分布情况。
我们检查了我所历年来在我国沿海采到的共325号3730个标本。切片材料，菲律宾蛤仔采自青岛，杂色蛤仔采自海南岛三亚，各自在软体部的相同部位取材，用70%酒精、10%福尔马林或波恩(Bouin)氏液固定，石蜡包埋，切片厚度8-12μ。Ehr1ich氏苏木精-伊红(H. E.)染色法或Mallory 氏染色法染色。 |
| 关键词: 蛤仔属 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国科学院海洋研究所调查研究报告第526号 |
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| ON THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS RUDITAPES (MOLLUSCA,LAMELLIBRANCHIA, VENERIDAE) OFF CHINA COAST |
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Zhuang Qiqian, Lin Huiqiong, Liang Xianyuan
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Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica
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| Abstract: |
| Two species of the genus Ruditapcs (Mollusca, Lamellibranchia， Veneridae) viz,R. philippinarum (Adams et Reeve) and R. variegata(Sowerby) are found off China coast，the former species being very abundant and wide1y distributed in our coasts，and is also an important species for culture.
For many years, there has been some confusion with regard to the taxonomic distinction between these two species in our country. With an aim of clearing up such a confusion， we re-examined a total of 3,730 specimens. A carefu1 study is made not only on the difference in external shell morphology, but also on the difference of the mantle and mant1e fusion, outer and inner demibranchs，labial palp, siphon, and the shape of the s.perm of these two species. The comparative morphological structure of these two species (P1ate Ⅰ-Ⅲ) clear1y show that they are two distinct species.
These two species also have different 1imits of distribution. Ruditapes philippinarum is found as north as the Bohai Sea, its southern 1imit is in the Guangdong continental coast in the South China Sea, but it is noticeab1y absent in Hainan Is1and and the Beibu Gulf. R. variegate has its northern limit of distribution in Pingtan (Fujian Province) in the East China Sea, and has a southward distribution extending to the southern tip of Hainan Is1and and to the Beibu Gulf. |
| Key words: RUDITAPES |
