| 摘要: |
| 藤壶属(Genus Balanus)是甲壳类蔓足亚纲(Subclass Cirripedia)藤壶科(Family Balanidae)中最大的一属，它在有害海洋附着生物中是主要组成成分。许多种附着于船底、水下设施或建筑物上，致使船舰燃料消耗增加，航速减低，降低浮标浮力，缩小管道通路，侵占某些水产养殖对象的有效附着面，污损养殖架筏和绳索，加快水下金属的腐蚀等，对海防、海运交通、工业和渔业常造成一定危害，同人类的关系颇为密切。随着我国科学事业的发展，特别是附着生物防除工作的进展，对于种类的确切鉴定和生物学及生态学资料需要日益增多，只有在搞清种类的基础上，根据不同种的生物学和生态特征，采取相应的措施，才能有效地进行防除工作。
中国近海的藤壶属，国内外仅有一些零星记载，缺乏全面而系统的报告。我们早在五十年代，就注意到我国沿海常见的一些主要附着生物，特别是当时作为“布纹藤壶” Balanus Amphitrite communis Darwin(=B.reticulatus Utinomi)和“克氏藤壶”Balanus Amphitrite krügeri Nilsson-Cantell(=B.uliginosus Utinomi)描记的两个类型，无论在栖息环境、繁殖习性或幼虫形态上都有显著差异，因而怀疑它们不是一个种内的亚种，而应属于不同的种。为了解决上述和类似的问题，给生态和防除研究工作提供更为准确的基本资料，我们对藤壶亚目的种类进行了系统的研究，本文是研究报告的第一部分。根据的是中国科学院海洋研究所历年采集收藏的标本，共鉴定31种和亚种，分隶于7个亚属，其中有6新种，有9种在我国是首次记录(种名录见190页)。新种的模式标本均保存于中国科学院海洋研究所。 |
| 关键词: 蔓足类 藤壶属 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国科学院海洋研究所调查研究报告第398号. |
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| Studies on Chinese Cirripedia (Crustacea). Ⅰ. Genus Balanus |
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Ren Xianqiu, J. Y. Liu
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Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica
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| Abstract: |
| The present paper is the first part of a systematic study of the cirripedian fauna of Chinese waters. The materials based upon were collected from the coastal zone and the shallow waters of the continental shelf of China during the years 1950-1976 by the 1nstitute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica.
1n this paper an account of thirty-one species and subspecies belonging to seven subgenera of the Genus Ba1anus is given. Of these six species are described as new and nine are recorded for the first time from the waters around Chinese 0oasts. Each of the species. is described and illustrated, the taxonomy and nomenclature of some forms, recorded previously as subspecies or varieties of the Balanus amphitrite complex and B. tintinnabulum complex，are discussed. Based on the morphological and ecological characteristics， some of the predominant fouling forms in Chinese waters, i. e. B. cirratus Darwin (recorded previously as B. amplitrite cirratus or B. variegatus cirratus) , B. reticulatus Utinomi (recorded as B. amphitrite communis by authors) , B. uliginosus Utinomi (=B. amphitrite krügeri Nilsson-Cantell),B.albicostatus Pilsbry (=B. amphitrite albicostatus Pilsbry) , B. rosa( =B. tintinnabulum rosa Darwin) and B.volcano(=B. tintinnabulum volcano Darwin),are raised to speies rank, B. albicostatus formosanus Utinomi is regarded as a synomym of B. albicostatus Pilsbry.
The type materials of the new species described in this paper are all deposited in the 1nstitute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica at Tsingtao. |
| Key words: Cirripedia Genus Balanus |
