| 引用本文: | 芦珣,严润玄,沈程程,杨娟,张东声,王春生,孙栋.海山底栖生物群落分布格局的研究进展[J].海洋科学,2025,49(2):81-98. |
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| 海山底栖生物群落分布格局的研究进展 |
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芦珣1,2, 严润玄2,3, 沈程程2, 杨娟1, 张东声2,4,5, 王春生2,4,3,5, 孙栋2,4
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1.中国地质大学(北京) 海洋学院, 北京 100083;2.自然资源部第二海洋研究所海洋生态系统动力学重点实验室, 浙江 杭州 310012;3.河海大学 海洋学院, 江苏 南京 210098;4.南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海), 广东 珠海 519082;5.上海交通大学 海洋学院, 上海 200030
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| 摘要: |
| 在国家管辖范围外海域生物多样性保护已经成为当前学术界和深海治理领域焦点问题之一的大背景下,兼具高生物多样性和高脆弱性双重特征的海山已经被公认为当前深海生物多样性研究和保护的焦点之一。本文对海山底栖生物的研究历程、群落分布格局的特征与控制因素、分布格局预测与控制因素量化研究等方面的重要进展与存在的问题进行了总结,并从理论和应用两个方面提出今后应当重点关注的研究方向。海山底栖生物群落在深度梯度上呈现出深度成带性,生物多样性呈现单峰、双峰、随深度递减等模式。在纬度梯度上海山底栖生物群落存在差异,存在显著的生物地理梯度。幼虫传播的海洋动力环境、定殖的适宜生境、固着生物生长的底质特征等环境因子和生物因子进一步塑造了底栖生物群落复杂的空间格局。 |
| 关键词: 海山 β多样性 纬度梯度 深度梯度 分布格局 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20240911001 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(42076135,42276132);联合国海洋十年“数字化深海典型生境”大科学计划 |
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| A review of the distribution patterns of seamount benthic communities |
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LU Xun1,2, YAN Runxuan2,3, SHEN Chengcheng2, YANG Juan1, ZHANG Dongsheng2,4,5, WANG Chunsheng2,4,3,5, SUN Dong2,4
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1.School of Marine Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;2.Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China;3.College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;4.Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China;5.School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
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| Abstract: |
| Considering that biodiversity conservation in areas beyond national jurisdiction is a key issue in academia and deep-sea governance, seamounts, which are characterized by both high biodiversity and significant vulnerability, have been recognized as critical habitats of significant interest for deep-sea biodiversity research and conservation. This review summarizes the important advances and concerns related to the study of seamount benthos, the characteristics and controlling factors of community distribution patterns, the prediction of distribution patterns, and the quantitative analyses of the controlling factors. This review also proposes future research topics that should be prioritized, both theoretically and practically. The benthic communities on seamounts exhibit depth zonation along the depth gradient, with biodiversity patterns of single peaks or double peaks or a decline with an increasing depth. In addition, the seamount benthic communities vary along the latitudinal gradient, signifying a significant biogeographic gradient. The complex spatial patterns of these benthic communities are further influenced by environmental and biological factors, which include oceanic dynamics that affect larval dispersal, suitable habitats for colonization, and substrate characteristics that support the growth of sessile organisms. |
| Key words: seamounts beta diversity latitudinal gradient depth gradient distribution pattern |
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