| 摘要: |
| 所有脊椎动物生殖均受下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴的调控，多种下丘脑神经肽参与了生殖调控过程。大多数神经肽具有促进生殖的功能，例如促性腺激素释放激素(gonadotropin-releasing hormone, GnRH)、神经激肽B (neurokinin B, NKB)、神经肽Y (neuropeptide Y, NPY)、神经分泌素(secretoneurin, SN)、刺鼠相关蛋白(agouti-related peptide, AgRP)、甘丙肽(galanin, GAL)和吻素(kisspeptin, Kiss)。Spexin (SPX)是一种新型下丘脑神经肽，属于SPX/GAL/Kiss家族成员。SPX的成熟肽由14个氨基酸组成，该氨基酸序列在不同物种间高度保守。SPX可以激活GAL受体2和3 (GALR2/3)参与生殖、摄食等多种生理过程。本文围绕鱼类SPX基因鉴定、进化分析、组织分布、表达调控、生理功能以及信号转导机制等方面，简要总结鱼类SPX及其受体的研究进展，以期为后续深入研究提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 鱼类 spexin 甘丙肽受体 生殖 摄食 信号转导 基因表达 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S917? |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金 (32072949；32072993)；中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费(No.2020TD47)；中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所基本科研业务费(NO. 20603022022018)；财政部和农业农村部国家海水鱼产业技术体系(CARS-47) |
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| Identification of the spexin system and its physiological functions in fish |
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TIAN Zhenfang1, WANG Bin2, CUI Aijun2, XU Yongjiang2, LIU Xuezhou2, JIANG Yan2, TIAN Yunchen1
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1.Tianjin Agricultural University;2.Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| Reproduction is regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in all vertebrates, and a plethora of neuropeptides are involved in the control of reproduction. Most of them are stimulatory neuropeptides, such as gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), neurokinin B (NKB), neuropeptide Y (NPY), secretoneurin (SN), agouti-related peptide (AgRP), galanin (GAL), and kisspeptin (Kiss). Spexin (SPX) is a novel hypothalamic neuropeptide, one member of the SPX/Gal/Kiss family. The mature peptide of SPX contains 14 amino acids, and the amino acid sequence is highly conserved among different species. SPX is involved in various physiological processes, such as reproduction, feeding, among others, through GAL receptors 2 and 3 (GALR2/3). This review briefly summarized the research progress of SPX and its receptors in fish, focusing on gene identification, evolutionary analysis, tissue distribution, expression regulation, physiological function and signal transduction mechanism, in order to provide a reference for subsequent in-depth research. |
| Key words: fish spexin galanin receptor reproduction feeding signal transduction gene expression |